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Hormones in Ageing and Longevity pp 127–148Cite as

TGF-β in Development and Ageing

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Part of the book series: Healthy Ageing and Longevity ((HAL,volume 6))

Abstract

Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) is the prototype of a growth factor family playing central roles in a wide variety of functions both at the tissue and the organismal levels, ranging from the regulation of cell proliferation, and the enhancement of extracellular matrix accumulation to immunosuppression and a dual role in cancer development. Here, we present a brief description of TGF-β in terms of structural and functional aspects, including the major signal transduction pathways activated by it. The role of TGF-β as an inducer of cellular senescence in normal, malignant and stem cells is documented, as well as, its ability to induce or reinforce senescence when acting in an autocrine or paracrine fashion, as part of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. The interplay of TGF-β with the two major intracellular protein degradation systems, i.e. autophagy and the ubiquitin-proteasome system, is also discussed, given their associations with senescence and age-related pathologies. The importance of the TGF-β signaling axis in organismal development is documented through the presentation of a variety of knock out approaches. Furthermore, we present its contribution to the programmed cellular senescence during development, as a newly recognized means for tissue patterning and remodeling. Finally, the role of TGF-β in age-related diseases and in longevity is discussed, based on data regarding gene polymorphisms, as well as, the plasma levels of this growth factor.

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  1. Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Ageing, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, 153 10, Athens, Greece

    Harris Pratsinis, Eleni Mavrogonatou & Dimitris Kletsas

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  1. Harris Pratsinis
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  2. Eleni Mavrogonatou
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  1. Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

    Suresh Rattan

  2. Department of Biochemistry, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Megalaya, India

    Ramesh Sharma

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Pratsinis, H., Mavrogonatou, E., Kletsas, D. (2017). TGF-β in Development and Ageing. In: Rattan, S., Sharma, R. (eds) Hormones in Ageing and Longevity. Healthy Ageing and Longevity, vol 6. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63001-4_7

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