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Skin Stress Response Pathways pp 235–249Cite as

TLR3 and Inflammatory Skin Diseases: From Environmental Factors to Molecular Opportunities

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Abstract

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are cellular sensors designed to recognize pathogens. TLR3 recognizes viral double-stranded RNA, which is a molecular pattern produced by most viruses. Interestingly, there is increasing recognition of the role of TLR3 in non-infectious inflammatory diseases as well as viral infections. In addition, TLR3 recognizes not only exogenous threats such as virus but also endogenous host molecules associated with tissue injury. TLR3 is expressed on various cell types including keratinocytes, Langerhans cells, mast cells, and fibroblasts in the skin. Recent findings show that upon stimulation of TLR3 with exogenous or endogenous ligands, these cells are closely involved in the pathogenesis of infectious or inflammatory skin diseases such as viral infections or allergic and irritant contact dermatitis. Furthermore, TLR3 signaling is associated with barrier repair after tissue injury and itching sensation in the skin. Therefore, TLR3 may serve as a new therapeutic target for inflammatory skin diseases.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan

    Risa Tamagawa-Mineoka & Norito Katoh

  2. Frontier Medical Science and Technology for Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan

    Mayumi Ueta

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  1. Risa Tamagawa-Mineoka
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  2. Mayumi Ueta
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  3. Norito Katoh
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Correspondence to Risa Tamagawa-Mineoka .

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  1. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy & The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, TUCSON, Arizona, USA

    Georg T. Wondrak

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Tamagawa-Mineoka, R., Ueta, M., Katoh, N. (2016). TLR3 and Inflammatory Skin Diseases: From Environmental Factors to Molecular Opportunities. In: Wondrak, G. (eds) Skin Stress Response Pathways. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43157-4_11

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