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Co-evolution Between Bats and Frogs?

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Predator–Prey Interactions: Co-evolution between Bats and Their Prey

Part of the book series: SpringerBriefs in Animal Sciences ((BRIEFSANIMAL))

Abstract

Besides moths, the only other bat–prey interaction, with the potential for co-evolution, is that with frogs. Bats can eavesdrop on sounds inadvertently produced by frogs as they move through their habitat or they can eavesdrop on the mating calls emitted by male frogs to attract females. Bats using such passive acoustic detection have an additional field of increased sensitivity outside the range of their own echolocation calls which matches frequencies at which most frogs call. Most frogs use audition for intra-specific communication , but as yet there is no evidence that they can hear echolocation. Some frog species are able to detect bats visually, allowing them to deploy a defence strategy before they are detected—the frog may cease movement or stop calling, depriving the bat of an acoustic cue . Frog mating calls are therefore under at least two strong selection pressures—female mate choice and bat predation. This may pose an evolutionary trade-off , potentially indicative of co-evolution, because call cessation has a negative effect on reproduction opportunities. However, although frogs appear to have evolved anti-bat behaviour, there is no indication that bats have responded. For example, some frogs have evolved calls that are difficult to localize for bats despite these calls being less attractive to females. The fringe-lipped bat may have responded by using water ripples produced by the calling frog and which remain available for a short time even after the frog stops calling. However, besides the latter case, no evidence has yet emerged that indicates an iterative reciprocal process between bats and frogs.

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  1. Animal Evolution and Systematics Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

    David Steve Jacobs

  2. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

    Anna Bastian

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  1. David Steve Jacobs
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  2. Anna Bastian
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Correspondence to David Steve Jacobs .

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Jacobs, D.S., Bastian, A. (2016). Co-evolution Between Bats and Frogs?. In: Predator–Prey Interactions: Co-evolution between Bats and Their Prey. SpringerBriefs in Animal Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32492-0_6

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