Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Challenging Problems and Solutions in Intelligent Systems pp 237–259Cite as

Improving Spatial Estimates of Greenhouse Gas Emissions at a Fine Resolution: A Review of Approaches

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

  • 524 Accesses

Part of the book series: Studies in Computational Intelligence ((SCI,volume 634))

Abstract

The paper presents a review of the methods which can be useful in quantification of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions at a fine spatial resolution. The discussed approaches include: spatial disaggregation of GHG emissions based on proxy data and/or statistical modeling of spatial correlation, an estimation of fossil fuel emission changes from measuring rates (mixing ratios) of tracer (like \(^{14}\)CO\(_{2}\)) concentrations in the atmosphere, the atmospheric inversion methods, and flux tower observations.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Andres, R.J., Marland, G., Fung, I., Matthews, E.: A 1\(^{0} \times \) 1\(^{0}\) distribution of carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel consumption and cement manufacture, 1950–1990. Glob. Biogeochem. Cycles 10, 419–429 (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Babst, F., Alexander, M.R., Szejner, P., Bouriaud, O., Klesse, S., Roden, J., Ciais, P., Poulter, B., Frank, D., Moore, D.J.P., Trouet, V.: A tree-ring perspective on the terrestrial carbon cycle. Oecologia 176(2), 307–322 (2014). doi:10.1007/s00442-014-3031-6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Baker, D.F., Law, R.M., Gurney, K.R., Rayner, P., Peylin, P., Denning, A.S., Bousquet, P., Bruhwiler, L., Vhen, Y.H., Ciais, P., Fung, I.Y., Heimann, M., John, J., Maki, T., Maksyutov, S., Masarie, K., Prather, M., Pak, B., Taguchi, S., Zhu, Z.: TransCom 3 inversion intercomparison: Impact of transport model errors on the interannual variability of regional CO\(_{2}\) fluxes, 1988–2003. Glob. Biogeochem. Cycles 20(1), GB10002 (2006). doi:10.1029/2004GB002439. 1988–2003

    Google Scholar 

  4. Baldocchi, D., Meyers, T.: On using eco-physiological, micrometeorological and biochemical theory to evaluate carbon dioxide, water vapour and trace gas fluxes over vegetation: a perspective. Agric. For. Meteorol. 90, 1–25 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Banerjee, S., Carlin, B.P., Gelfand, A.E.: Hierarchical Modeling and Analysis for Spatial Data. Chapman & Hall/CRC, Boca Raton (2004)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  6. Battle, M., Bender, M.L., Tans, P.P., White, J.W.C., Ellis, J.T., Conway, T., Francey, R.J.: Global carbon sinks and their variability inferred from atmospheric O\(_{2}\) and \(\delta \) \(^{13}\)C. Science 287, 2467–2470 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Boden, T.A., Marland, G., Andres, R.J.: Global, regional, and national fossil-fuel CO\(_{2}\) emissions. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA, Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.S (2010). doi:10.3334/CDIAC/00001_V2010

    Google Scholar 

  8. BP (2014) Statistical Review of World Energy. London. http://www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/energy-economics/statistical-review-of-world-energy.html

  9. Burba, G., Anderson, D.: Introduction to the Eddy Covariance method: general guidelines and conventional workflow. LI-COR Biosciences (2007). http://www.instrumentalia.com.ar/pdf/Invernadero.pdf

  10. Burchuladze, A.A., Chudy, M., Eristave, I.V., Pagava, S.V., Povinec, P., Sivo, A., Togonidze, G.I.: Antropogenic \(^{14}\)C variations in atmospheric CO\(_{2}\) and wines. Radiocarbon 31(3), 771–776 (1989)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Canadell, J.G., Le Quéré, C., Raupach, M.R., Field, C.B., Buitenhuis, E.T., Ciais, P., Conway, T.J., Gillett, N.P., Houghton, R.A., Marland, G.: Contributions to accelerating atmospheric CO\(_{2}\) growth from economic activity, carbon intensity, and efficiency of natural sinks. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 104(47), 18866–18870 (2007). doi:10.1073/pnas.0702737104

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Ciais, P., Rayner, P., Chevallier, F., Bousquet, P., Logan, M., Peylin, P., Ramonet, M.: Atmospheric inversion for estimating CO\(_{2}\) fluxes: methods and perspectives. Clim. Change 103(1–2), 69–92 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. CORDIS (2015) Geoinformation technologies, spatio-temporal approaches, and full carbon account for improving accuracy of GHG inventories (GESAPU). http://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/97282_en.html, http://ec.europa.eu/research/infocentre/article_en.cfm?id=/research/headlines/news/article_14_06_30_en.html?infocentre&item=Industrial%20research&artid=32296&caller=other

  14. Doll, C.N.H., Muller, J.P., Elvidge, C.D.: Nighttime imagery as a tool for global mapping of socioeconomic parameters and greenhouse gas emissions. Ambio 29, 157–162 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Elvidge, C.D., Baugh, K.E., Kihn, E.A., Koehl, H.W., Davis, E.R., Davis, C.W.: Relations between satellite observed visible near-infrared emissions, population, economic activity and power consumption. Remote Sens. 18, 1373–1379 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Enting, I.G.: Inverse Problems in Atmospheric Constituent Transport. Cambridge University Press, New York (2002)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  17. Foken, T., Wichura, B.: Tools for quality assessment of surface-based flux measurements. Agric. For. Meteorol. 78, 83–105 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Gamnitzer, U., Karstens, U., Kromer, B., Neubert, R.E.M., Meijer, H.A.J., Schroeder, H., Levin, I.: Carbon monoxide: a quantitative tracer for fossil fuel CO\(_{2}\)? J. Geophys. Res. 111, D22302 (2006). doi:10.1029/2005JD006966

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Ghosh, T., Elvidge, C.D., Sutton, P.C., Baugh, K.E., Ziskin, D., Tuttle, B.T.: Creating a global grid of distributed fossil fuel CO\(_{2}\) emissions from nighttime satellite imagery. Energies 3, 1895–1913 (2010). doi:10.3390/en312

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Gourdji, S.M., Mueller, K.L., Schaefer, K., Michalak, A.: Global monthly averaged CO\(_{2}\) fluxes recovered using a geostatical inverse modelling approach: 2. Results including auxiliary environmental data. J. Geophys. Res. 113, D21115 (2008). doi:10.1029/JD009733

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Gonzalez-Farias, G., Dominiguez-Molina, A., Gupta, A.K.: Additive properties of skew normal random vectors. J. Stat. Plan. Inference 126, 512–534 (2004)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  22. Gurney, K.R., Rachel, L.M., Denning, A.S., Rayner, P.J., Baker, D., Bousquet, P., Bruhwiler, L., Chen, Y.H., Ciais, P., Fan, S., Fung, I.Y., Gloor, M., Heimann, M., Higuchi, K., John, J., Maki, T., Maksyutov, S., Masarie, K., Peylin, P., Prather, M., Pak, B.C., Randerson, J., Sarmiento, J., Taguchi, S., Takahashi, T., Yuen, C.W.: Towards robust regional estimates of CO\(_{2}\) sources and sinks using atmospheric transport models. Nature 415, 626–630 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Gurney, K.R., Mendoza, D.L., Zhou, Y., Fisher, M.L., Miller, C.C., Geethakumar, S., da la Rue du Can, S., : High resolution fossil fuel combustion CO\(_{2}\) emission fluxes for the United States. Environ. Sci. Technol. 43(14), 5535–5541 (2009). doi:10.1021/es900806c

    Google Scholar 

  24. Horabik, J., Nahorski, Z.: Improving resolution of a spatial air pollution inventory with a statistical inference approach. Clim. Change 124, 575–589 (2014a)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Horabik J., Nahorski Z.: The Cramér-Rao lower bound for the estimated parameters in a spatial disaggregation model for areal data. In: Filev, D., Jabłkowski, J., Kacprzyk, J., Popchev, I., Rutkowski, L., Sgurev, V., Sotirova, E., Szynkarczyk, P., Zadrożny S.: Intelligent Systems 2014, Springer International Publishing, Berlin, pp. 661–668 (2014b)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Hsueh, D.Y., Krakauer, N.Y., Randerson, J.T., Xu, X., Trunbore, S.E., Southon, J.R.: Regional patterns of radiocarbon and fossil fuel-derived CO\(_{2}\) in surface air across North America. Geophys. Res. Lett. 34, L02816 (2007). doi:10.1029/2006GL027032

  27. Huang, Q., Yang, X., Gao, B., Yang, Y., Zhao, Y.: Application of DMSP/OLS nighttime light images: a meta-analysis and a systematic literature review. Remote Sens. 6, 6844–6866 (2014). doi:10.3390/rs6086844

    Google Scholar 

  28. CO\(_{2}\) Emissions From Fuel Combustion: 1971–2005. International Energy Agency, Paris (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  29. IPCC Revised IPCCC 1996 guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories. Technical Report IPCC/OECD/IEA, Paris (1996). http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/gl/invsl.html

  30. Kaminski, T., Knorr, W., Rayner, P.J., Heimann, M.: Assimilating atmospheric data into a terrestrial biosphere model: A case study of the seasonal cycle. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 16(4), 1066 (2002). doi:10.1029/2001GB001463

    Google Scholar 

  31. Karlen, I., Olsson, I.U., Kilburg, P., Kilici, S.: Absolute determination of the activity of two \(^{14}\)C dating standards. Arkiv Geophysik 4, 465–471 (1968)

    Google Scholar 

  32. Kuc, T., Rozanski, K., Zimnoch, M., Necki, J., Chmura, L., Jelen, D.: Two decades of regular observations of \(^{14}\)CO\(_{2}\) and \(^{13}\)CO\(_{2}\) content in atmosphere carbon dioxide in Central Europe: Long-term changes of regional anthropogenic fossil CO\(_{2}\) emissions. Radiocarbon 49(2), 807–816 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Lauvaux, T., Uliasz, M., Sarrat, C., Chevallier, F., Bousquet, P., Lac, C., Davis, K.J., Ciais, P., Denning, A.S., Rayner, P.J.: Mesoscale inversion: first results from the CERES campaign with synthetic data. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 8, 3459–3471 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Levin, I., Karstens, U.: Inferring high-resolution fossil fuel CO\(_{2}\) records at continental sites from combined \(^{14}\)CO\(_{2}\) and CO observations. Tellus. Ser. B 59, 245–250 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Levin, I., Kromer, B.: Twenty years of atmospheric \(^{14}\)CO\(_{2}\) observations at Schauinsland station Germany. Radiocarbon 39(2), 205–218 (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  36. Levin, I., Münnich, K.O., Weiss, W.: The effect of anthropogenic CO\(_{2}\) and \(^{14}\)C sources on the distribution of \(^{14}\)C sources on the distribution of \(^{14}\)C in the atmosphere. Radiocarbon 22, 379–391 (1980)

    Google Scholar 

  37. Levin, I., Rödenbeck, C.: Can the envisaged reductions of fossil fuel CO\(_{2}\) emissions be detected by atmospheric observations? Naturwissenshaften 95, 203–208 (2008). doi:10.1007/s00114-007-0313-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Lopez, M., Schmidt, M., Delmotte, M., Colomb, A., Gros, V., Janssen, C., Lehman, S.J., Mondelain, D., Perrussel, O., Ramonet, M., Xueref-Remy, I., Bousquet, P.: CO, NOx, \(^{13}{\text{ CO }}_{2}\) as tracers for fossil fuel \(\text{ CO }_{2}\): results from a pilot study in Paris during winter 2010. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 13, 7343–7358 (2013). doi:10.5194/acp-13-7343-2013

    Google Scholar 

  39. Marland, G., Boden, T.A., Andres, R.J. Global, regional, and national fossil fuel CO\(_{2}\) emissions. In: Trends: A Compendium of Data on Global Change, Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  40. Meijer, H.A.J., Smid, H.M., Perez, E., Keizer, M.G.: Isotopic characterisation of anthropogenic CO\(_{2}\) emissions using isotopic and radiocarbon analysis. Phys. Chem. Earth 21(5–6), 483–487 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Michalak, A., Hirsch, A., Bruhwiler, L., Gurney, K.R., Peters, W., Tans, P.P.: Maximum likelihood estimation of covariance parameters for Bayesian atmospheric trace gas surface flux inversion. J. Geophys. Res. 110, D24107 (2005). doi:10.1029/2005JD005970

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Oda, T., Maksyutov, S.: A very high-resolution (1 km \(\times \) 1 km) global fossil fuel CO\(_{2}\) emission inventory derived using a point source database and satellite observations of nighttime lights. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 11, 543–556 (2011). doi:10.5194/acp-11-543-2011

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Olivier, J.G.J., Aardenne, J.A.V., Dentener, F.J., Pagliari, V., Ganzeveld, L.N., Peters, J.A.H.W.: Recent trends in global greenhouse gas emissions: Regional trends 1970–2000 and spatial distribution of key sources in 2000. Environ. Sci. 2(2–3), 81–99 (2005). doi:10.1080/15693430500400345

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Palstra, S.W., Karstens, U., Streurman, H.J., Meijer, H.A.J.: Wine \(^{14}\)C as a tracer for fossil fuel CO\(_{2}\) emissions in Europe: measurements and model comparison. J. Geophys. Res. 113, D21305 (2008). doi:10.1029/2008JD010282

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Peylin, P., Rayner, P.J., Bousquet, P., Carouge, C., Hourdin, F., Heinrich, P., Ciais, P., AEROCARB contributors, : Daily CO\(_{2}\) flux estimates over Europe from continuous atmospheric measurements: 1, inverse methodology. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 5, 3173–3186 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  46. Quarta, G., D’Elia, M., Rizzo, G.A., Calganile, L.: Radiocarbon dilution effects induced by industrial settlements in southern Italy. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sec. B 240, 458–462 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Raczka, B.M., Davis, K.J., Hutzinger, D., Neilson, R.P., Poulter, B., Richardson, A.D., Xiao, J., Baker, I., Ciais, P., Keenan, T.F., Law, B., Post, W.M., Ricciuto, D., Schaefer, K., Tian, H., Tomelleri, E., Verbeeck, H., Viovy, N.: Evaluation of continental carbon cycle simulations with North American flux tower observations. Ecol. Monogr. 83(4), 531–556 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Raupach, M.R., Marland, G., Ciais, P., Le Quéré, C., Canadell, J.G., Klepper, G., Field, C.B.: Global and regional drivers of accelerating CO\(_{2}\) emissions. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 104(24), 10288–10293 (2007). doi:10.1073/pnas.0700609104

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Rayner, P.J., Scholze, M., Knorr, W., Kaminski, T., Giering, R., Widmann, H.: Two decades of terrestrial carbon fluxes from a carbon cycle data assimilation system (CCDAS). Glob. Biogeochem. Cycles 19, GB2026 (2005). doi:10.1029/2004GB002254

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Rayner, P.J., Raupach, M.R., Paget, M., Peylin, P., Koffi, E.: A new global gridded dataset if CO\(_{2}\) emissions from fossil fuel combustion: methodology and evaluation. J. Geophys. Res. 115, D19306 (2010). doi:10.1029/2009JD013439

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Riley, W.G., Hsueh, D.Y., Randerson, J.T., Fischer, M.L., Hatch, J., Pataki, D.E., Wang, W., Goulden, M.L.: Where do fossil fuel carbon dioxide emissions from California go? an analysis based on radiocarbon observations and an atmospheric transport model. J. Geophys. Res. 113, G04002 (2008). doi:10.1029/2007JG000625

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. Rivier, L., Peylin, P., Ciais, P., Gloor, M., Rödenbeck, C., Geels, C., Karstens, U., Bousquet, P., Brandt, J., Heimann, M., Aerocarb experimentalists, : European CO\(_{2}\) fluxes from atmospheric inversions using regional and global transport models. Clim. Change 103(1–2), 93–115 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  53. Shibata, S., Kawano, E., Nakabayashi, T.: Atmospheric [\(^{14}\)C]CO\(_{2}\) variantions in Japan during 1982–1999 based on \(^{14}\)C measurements in rice grains. Appl. Radiat. Isot. 63, 285–290 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. Stephens, B.B., Gurney, K.R., Tans, P.P., Sweeney, C., Peters, W., Bruhwiler, L., Cias, P., Ramonet, M., Bousquet, P., Nakazawa, T., Aoki, S., Innoue, T.M.G., Vinnichenko, N., Lloyd, J., Jordan, A., Heimann, M., Shibistova, O., Langefelds, R.L., Steele, L.P., Francey, R.J., Denning, A.S.: Weak northern and strong tropical land carbon uptake from vertical profiles of atmospheric CO\(_{2}\). Science 316, 1732–1735 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. Stuiver, M., Polach, H.A.: Discussion. Reporting of \(^{14}\)C data. Radiocarbon 19(3), 355–363 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  56. Suess, H.E.: Radiocarbon concentration in modern wood. Science 122, 415–417 (1955). doi:10.1126/science.122.3166.415-a

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. Tans, P.P., se Jong A.F.M., Mook W.G., : Natural atmospheric \(^{14}\)C variation and the Suess effect. Nature 208, 826–828 (1979)

    Google Scholar 

  58. Tans, P.P., Fung, I.Y., Takahashi, T.: Observational constraints on the global atmospheric CO\(_{2}\) budget. Science 247, 1431–1438 (1990)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. Tarantola, A.: Inverse Problem Theory and Methods for Model Parameter Estimation. SIAM, Philadelphia (2005)

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  60. Thompson, R.L., Gerbig, C., Rödenbeck, C.: A Bayesian inversion estimate of N\(_{2}\)O emissions for western and central Europe and the assessment of aggregation error. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 11, 3443–3458 (2011). doi:10.5194/acp-11-3443-2011

    Article  Google Scholar 

  61. Turnbull, J.C., Miller, J.B., Lehman, S.J., Tans, P.P., Sparks, R.J.: Comparison of \(^{14}\)CO\(_{2}\), CO and SF\(_{6}\) as tracers for recently added fossil fuel CO\(_{2}\) in the atmosphere and implications for biological CO\(_{2}\) exchange. Geophys. Res. Lett. 33, L01817 (2006). doi:10.1029/2005GL024213

    Article  Google Scholar 

  62. Turnbull, J., Rayner, P., Miller, J., Naegler, T., Ciais, P., Cozic, A.: On the use of \(^{14}\)CO\(_{2}\) as a tracer for fossil fuel CO\(_{2}\): quantifying uncertainties using an atmospheric transport model. J. Geophys. Res. 14, D22302 (2009). doi:10.1029/2009JD012308

    Article  Google Scholar 

  63. Verstraete, J.: Solving the map overlay problem with a fuzzy approach. Clim. Change 124(3), 591–604 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  64. Zondervan, A., Meijer, H.A.J.: Isotopic characterization of CO\(_{2}\) sources during regional pollution events using isotopic and radiocarbon analysis. Tellus Ser. B 48, 601–612 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This study was partly conducted within the 7th FP Marie Curie Actions project Geoinformation technologies, spatio-temporal approaches, and full carbon account for improving accuracy of GHG inventories, Grant Agreement No. PIRSES-GA-2009-247645. Joanna Horabik-Pyzel was supported by the Foundation for Polish Science under International PhD Projects in Intelligent Computing; project financed from The European Union within the Innovative Economy Operational Programme 2007–2013 and European Regional Development Fund.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland

    Joanna Horabik-Pyzel & Zbigniew Nahorski

Authors
  1. Joanna Horabik-Pyzel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Zbigniew Nahorski
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Joanna Horabik-Pyzel .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. of Telecommunication & Inform proc, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium

    Guy de Trė

  2. Faculty of Maths and Information Science, Warsaw University of Technology, Warszawa, Poland

    Przemysław Grzegorzewski

  3. Polish Academy of Sciences, Systems Research Institute, Warszawa, Poland

    Janusz Kacprzyk

  4. Polish Academy of Sciences, Systems Research Institute, Warszawa, Poland

    Jan W. Owsiński

  5. Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Computer Science, Warszawa, Poland

    Wojciech Penczek

  6. Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland

    Sławomir Zadrożny

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Horabik-Pyzel, J., Nahorski, Z. (2016). Improving Spatial Estimates of Greenhouse Gas Emissions at a Fine Resolution: A Review of Approaches. In: Trė, G., Grzegorzewski, P., Kacprzyk, J., Owsiński, J., Penczek, W., Zadrożny, S. (eds) Challenging Problems and Solutions in Intelligent Systems. Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol 634. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30165-5_12

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30165-5_12

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-30164-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-30165-5

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation