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Integrated Water Resources Management: Concept, Research and Implementation

Abstract

Integrated Water Resources Management often needs specific climate data, e.g. for water use assessment in agriculture or reservoir design for drinking water supply and flood retention. Needed data are often missing. Climate Change aggravates this problem, as in contrast to the past, measured data only are probably insufficient to be used in IWRM studies for future impact. A scheme is presented to replace measured data by climate model output. Model performance assessment is done for General Circulation Models (GCMs) with the example regions of Eastern Europe (Western Bug catchment), the Arabian Peninsula and the region of Brasília (Brazil). The ranking of GCMs was sensitive to region, performance measure and reference data. However, HADCM3 (Hadley Centre) and MPEH5 (MPI Hamburg) show a good resemblance with two differing references for two out of three regions. Regional downscaling is demonstrated with two examples: dynamical with the mesoscale CCLM for the Western Bug, statistical with the SDSM for Brasília. Both approaches differ in observational data requirements (lower for dynamical downscaling) and need for bias correction (more for dynamical downscaling). Impact modelling based on climate model output shows significant changes in SWAT simulations of runoff in the Western Bug catchment for the B1 and A2 scenarios at the end of the 21st century. Climate change is an IWRM relevant problem in all three regions, increasing evaporation of irrigated agriculture in the Middle East, changing soil erosion into drinking water reservoirs in central Brazil or the Bug runoff. Which climate information is adequate depends on many factors, primarily the specific IWRM problem.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    ERA40—Reanalysis data set of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF).

  2. 2.

    NCEP—Reanalysis data set of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (USA).

  3. 3.

    GPCP—Global Precipitation Climatology Project, the GPCP combined precipitation data were developed and computed by the NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center’s Laboratory for Atmospheres as a contribution to the GEWEX Global Precipitation Climatology Project.

  4. 4.

    CMAP—Climate Prediction Center (CPC) Merged Analysis of Precipitation.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by main funding from the Federal Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF) in the framework of the project “IWAS—International Water Research Alliance Saxony” (grant 02WM1028) and partially, by the BMBF IPSWaT Programme (IPS10/15P) and by the Helmholtz Association within HIGRADE. The authors would like to thank the Centre for Information Services and High Performance Computing in Dresden (ZIH) for providing the high performance computer resources and for support, the German High Performance Computing Centre for Climate- and Earth System Research (DKRZ) for providing the ERA40 and ECHAM5 data sets and the CLM-Community for providing access to and support for the CCLM as well as for scientific discussions and valuable advice. A special thanks to all colleagues and partners of the project IWAS for successful cooperation and support. Furthermore we thank the two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments improving this document considerably.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Hydrology and Meteorology, Chair of Meteorology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany

    Christian Bernhofer, Klemens Barfus, Dirk Pavlik, Pablo Borges & Dennis Söhl

  2. Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany

    Pablo Borges & Dennis Söhl

  3. Institute of Hydrology and Meteorology, Chair of Hydrology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany

    Klemens Barfus

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  1. Christian Bernhofer
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  2. Klemens Barfus
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  3. Dirk Pavlik
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  4. Pablo Borges
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  5. Dennis Söhl
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Christian Bernhofer or Klemens Barfus .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Helmholtz Centre Environmental Research, Magdeburg, Germany

    Dietrich Borchardt

  2. Center for Development Research - ZEF, Bonn, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany

    Janos J. Bogardi

  3. Helmholtz Centre Environmental Research, Magdeburg, Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany

    Ralf B. Ibisch

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Bernhofer, C., Barfus, K., Pavlik, D., Borges, P., Söhl, D. (2016). Climate Change Information for IWRM. In: Borchardt, D., Bogardi, J., Ibisch, R. (eds) Integrated Water Resources Management: Concept, Research and Implementation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25071-7_8

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