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HPV and Radiation Sensitivity

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Book cover Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-Associated Oropharyngeal Cancer

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Abstract

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a growing cause of cancers arising in the oropharynx. Patients with HPV-positive head and neck cancers significantly improved outcomes compared to those with traditional tobacco/alcohol associated head and neck cancers. These improved outcomes are likely multifactorial. In this chapter, we review the evidence for increased sensitivity to radiation playing an important role in the improved outcomes of these patients. We discuss how the HPV oncoproteins modulate intrinsic sensitivity to radiation, how differences in the tumor microenvironment may contribute to increased sensitivity to radiation, and how the immune system may play a key role in the response to radiation. Finally, we discuss current efforts aimed at therapeutic de-escalation for this group of patients and highlight future research directions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Human Oncology, Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA

    Anna-Maria De Costa & Randall J. Kimple

  2. Department of Otolaryngology, Laboratory for Radiobiology and Experimental Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany

    Thorsten Rieckmann

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  1. Anna-Maria De Costa
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  2. Thorsten Rieckmann
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  3. Randall J. Kimple
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Correspondence to Randall J. Kimple .

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  1. School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA

    Daniel L. Miller

  2. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana, USA

    M. Sharon Stack

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De Costa, AM., Rieckmann, T., Kimple, R.J. (2015). HPV and Radiation Sensitivity. In: Miller, D., Stack, M. (eds) Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-Associated Oropharyngeal Cancer. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21100-8_12

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