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Epigenetic Regulation of Skin Development and Regeneration pp 293–314Cite as

Epigenetic Regulation of Skin Wound Healing

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Part of the book series: Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine ((STEMCELL))

Abstract

Epigenetic regulators play crucial roles in coordinating gene expression and regulating cellular behavior in both skin homeostatic conditions and tissue damage. Alterations in epigenetic mechanisms contribute to the pathogenesis of many skin disorders, including chronic wounds and excessive scarring after injury. Epigenetic regulators modify chromatin structure through covalent DNA and histone modifications, ATP-dependent and higher-order chromatin remodeling, as well as noncoding RNA-dependent regulation. By changing chromatin structure, epigenetic regulators affect gene expression and are able to both stimulate and repress gene activity to transiently alter cellular phenotype and behavior in response to injury. Here, we focus on recent progress that provides insight into the epigenetic regulatory mechanisms that control the execution of reparative gene expression programs in skin epithelial, dermal and inflammatory cells during skin repair after injury.

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Abbreviations

DNMT:

DNA methyltransferase

ECM:

extracellular matrix

EMT:

epithelial–mesenchymal transition

HAT:

histone acetyltransferase

HDAC:

histone deacetylase

INFγ:

interferon γ

LPS:

lipopolysaccharide

MMP:

matrix metalloproteinase

PCAF:

P300/CBP-associated factor

PcG:

polycomb group protein

PRC2:

Polycomb Repressive Complex 2

T2D:

type II diabetes

TET:

ten-eleven translocation

TLR:

Toll-like receptor

TSA:

trichostatin A

VEGF:

vascular endothelial growth factor

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Skin Sciences, School of Chemistry and Biosciences, Faculty of Life Science, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK

    Andrei N. Mardaryev

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  1. Centre for Skin Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK

    Vladimir A. Botchkarev

  2. Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Sarah E. Millar

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Mardaryev, A.N. (2018). Epigenetic Regulation of Skin Wound Healing. In: Botchkarev, V., Millar, S. (eds) Epigenetic Regulation of Skin Development and Regeneration. Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine. Humana Press, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16769-5_12

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