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Peri-Implant Infections of Oral Biofilm Etiology

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Book cover Biofilm-based Healthcare-associated Infections

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 830))

Abstract

Biofilms are complex microbial communities that grow on various surfaces in nature. The oral micobiota tend to form polymicrobial biofilms, particularly on the hard mineralized surfaces of teeth, which may impact on oral health and disease. They can cause inflammation of the adjacent tooth-supporting (periodontal) tissues, leading to destructive periodontal disease and tooth loss. The emergence of osseointegrated dental implants as a restorative treatment option for replacing missing teeth has also brought along new artificial surfaces within the oral cavity, on which oral bacteria can form biofilms. As in the case of natural teeth, biofilms on implant surfaces may also trigger infection and cause inflammatory destruction of the peri-implant tissue (i.e. peri-implantitis). While there are strong similarities in the composition of the mixed microbial flora between periodontal and peri-implant infections, there are also a few distinctive differences. The immunological events underlying the pathogenesis of peri-implant infections are qualitatively similar, yet more extensive, compared to periodontal infections, resulting in a faster progression of tissue destruction. This chapter summarizes the current knowledge on the microbiology and immunology of peri-implant infections, including findings from the peri-implant crevicular fluid, the inflammatory exudate of the peri-implant tissue. Moreover, it discusses the diagnosis and current approaches for the treatment of oral infections.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Section of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Oral Biology, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zürich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032, Zürich, Switzerland

    Georgios N. Belibasakis

  2. Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg University, Box 450, Gothenburg, 405 30, Sweden

    Georgios Charalampakis

  3. Section of Oral Translational Research, Institute of Oral Biology, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zürich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032, Zürich, Switzerland

    Nagihan Bostanci

  4. Clinic of Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zürich, Plattenstrasse 15, 8032, Zürich, Switzerland

    Bernd Stadlinger

Authors
  1. Georgios N. Belibasakis
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  2. Georgios Charalampakis
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  3. Nagihan Bostanci
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  4. Bernd Stadlinger
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Georgios N. Belibasakis .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Microbial Biofilm Laboratory, Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Rome, Italy

    Gianfranco Donelli

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Belibasakis, G.N., Charalampakis, G., Bostanci, N., Stadlinger, B. (2015). Peri-Implant Infections of Oral Biofilm Etiology. In: Donelli, G. (eds) Biofilm-based Healthcare-associated Infections. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 830. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11038-7_4

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