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Handbook of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry pp 213–224Cite as

Anxiety and Anxiety Disorders

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Abstract

Anxiety clearly has adaptive value both for the individual and in an evolutionary sense. Anxiety is considered pathologic if it is uncontrollably excessive or persistent so as to affect one’s functioning. Such dysregulation of anxiety may occur at several levels: genes, gene x environment interaction in childhood, and recent and current stress, both psychosocial and biological. The final common pathway brain dysfunction in the anxiety circuits underlies the anxiety syndrome. The recognition and treatment of secondary and primary anxiety syndromes are discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Hoyle Leigh MD, DLFAPA, FACP, FAPM (Professor of Psychiatry, Director)

  2. Psychosomatic Medicine Program & Psychiatric Consultation-Liaison Service, UCSF-Fresno, 155N. Fresno St., Fresno, CA, 93701, USA

    Hoyle Leigh MD, DLFAPA, FACP, FAPM (Professor of Psychiatry, Director)

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  1. Hoyle Leigh MD, DLFAPA, FACP, FAPM
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Correspondence to Hoyle Leigh MD, DLFAPA, FACP, FAPM .

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  1. Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, Fresno Community Regional Medical Center, Fresno, California, USA

    Hoyle Leigh

  2. University of Hawaii at Manoa Department of Psychiatry, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA

    Jon Streltzer

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Leigh, H. (2015). Anxiety and Anxiety Disorders. In: Leigh, H., Streltzer, J. (eds) Handbook of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11005-9_14

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11005-9_14

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