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Development of Adaptive Immunity and Its Role in Lung Remodeling

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Precision Approaches to Heterogeneity in Asthma

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1426))

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Abstract

Asthma is characterized by airflow limitations resulting from bronchial closure, which can be either reversible or fixed due to changes in airway tissue composition and structure, also known as remodeling. Airway remodeling is defined as increased presence of mucins-producing epithelial cells, increased thickness of airway smooth muscle cells, angiogenesis, increased number and activation state of fibroblasts, and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. Airway inflammation is believed to be the main cause of the development of airway remodeling in asthma. In this chapter, we will review the development of the adaptive immune response and the impact of its mediators and cells on the elements defining airway remodeling in asthma.

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Abbreviations

AEC:

Airway epithelial cells

AHR:

Airway hyperreactivity

APC:

Antigen-presenting cell

ASM:

Airway smooth muscle

BALF:

Bronchoalveolar lavage

BALF:

Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid

BEC:

Bronchial epithelial cells

CysLT:

Cysteinyl leukotrienes

DC:

Dendritic cell

ECM:

Extracellular matrix

EGFR:

Epidermal growth factor receptor

ELANE:

Neutrophil elastase

ET:

Endothelin

FEV1:

Forced expiratory volume in 1 second

FGF:

Fibroblast growth factor

IFN:

Interferon

IGF:

Insulin-like growth factor

IL:

Interleukin

ILC:

Innate lymphoid cell

MAIT:

Mucosal-associated invariant T

MMP:

Matrix metalloproteinase

NK:

Natural killer

PDGF:

Platelet derived growth factor

PG:

Prostaglandin

SBP-Ag:

Segmental bronchoprovocation with an allergen

T2:

Type-2

TGF:

Transforming growth factor

Th1:

Type 1 T helper lymphocyte

VEGFA:

Vascular endothelial growth factor

γ/δ:

Gamma-delta

αSMA:

Alpha-smooth muscle cell actin

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA

    Stephane Esnault & Nizar N. Jarjour

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  1. Stephane Esnault
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  2. Nizar N. Jarjour
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Correspondence to Stephane Esnault .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA

    Allan R. Brasier

  2. Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA

    Nizar N. Jarjour

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Esnault, S., Jarjour, N.N. (2023). Development of Adaptive Immunity and Its Role in Lung Remodeling. In: Brasier, A.R., Jarjour, N.N. (eds) Precision Approaches to Heterogeneity in Asthma. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1426. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-32259-4_14

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