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Pediatric Hypertension pp 615–643Cite as

Hypertension in the Pregnant Teenager

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Abstract

Hypertension occurs in approximately 10–20% of pregnancies and is associated with significant maternal and fetal morbidity. Most importantly, it results in preterm delivery and is associated with other conditions in the spectrum of placental ischemic disease such as intrauterine growth retardation and placental abruption. Chronic hypertension increases the risk for gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. Hypertension during pregnancy is also associated with increased future cardiovascular risk in the mother and her offspring. This chapter will review the classification of hypertensive orders in pregnancy, normal blood pressure patterns during pregnancy, the pathophysiology of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia, features unique to the pregnant adolescent, the epidemiology and outcome of hypertension during pregnancy, and treatment guidelines.

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Abbreviations

2-ME:

2-Methoxyestradiol

ABPM:

Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring

ACEi:

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors

ACOG:

The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists

ANP:

Atrial natriuretic protein

ARB:

Angiotensin receptor blockers

BMI:

Body mass index

BP:

Blood pressure

CI:

Confidence interval

COMT:

Catechol-O-methyltransferase

DBP:

Diastolic BP

GFR:

Glomerular filtration rate

HELLP:

Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets syndrome

HIF:

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1

MAP:

Mean arterial pressure

OR:

Odds ratio

PlGF:

Placental growth factor

SBP:

Systolic BP

sEng:

Soluble endoglin

sFlt1:

Soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pediatric Nephrology, Monroe Carell Jr. Children’s Hospital at Vanderbilt, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA

    Tracy E. Hunley & Deborah P. Jones

Authors
  1. Tracy E. Hunley
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  2. Deborah P. Jones
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Correspondence to Tracy E. Hunley .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA

    Joseph T. Flynn

  2. Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Mass General for Children at MGB Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Julie R. Ingelfinger

  3. Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Tammy M. Brady

Section Editor information

  1. Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA

    Joseph T. Flynn MD, MS

  2. Division of Nephrology, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA

    Joseph T. Flynn MD, MS

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Hunley, T.E., Jones, D.P. (2023). Hypertension in the Pregnant Teenager. In: Flynn, J.T., Ingelfinger, J.R., Brady, T.M. (eds) Pediatric Hypertension. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06231-5_28

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06231-5_28

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