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Taurine Deficiency in Tissues Aggravates Radiation-Induced Gastrointestinal Syndrome

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Taurine 12

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1370))

Abstract

Ionizing radiation administered for cancer treatment or from nuclear plant accidents are two common causes of radiation exposure. Ionizing radiation exposure generates reactive oxygen species and free radicals, which cause oxidative stress. We previously reported that taurine contributes to the recovery from radiation-induced injuries, suggesting its potential as a radioprotector and radiation mitigator. However, the effect of taurine on radiation-induced gastrointestinal syndrome remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of taurine tissue depletion on radiation-induced gastrointestinal syndrome. Mouse models of radiation-induced gastrointestinal syndrome were established in TauT+/+ and TauT−/− mice by whole-body X-irradiation. We examined the 30-day survival rate, as well as the crypt-villus structure and proliferation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) + cells in the small intestine. The survival rate of TauT−/− mice was significantly lower than that of TauT+/+ mice. The villi in the small intestine of TauT−/− mice were significantly shorter than those in TauT+/+ mice. Additionally, there were significantly fewer PCNA+ cells in TauT−/− mice than in TauT+/+ mice. These data demonstrate that taurine is a key regulator of crypt stem cells and plays an important regulatory role in intestinal cell survival, proliferation, and fate. Therefore, taurine may reduce radiation-induced gastrointestinal syndrome.

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Abbreviations

PCNA:

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

TauT:

Taurine transporter

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Acknowledgments

We thank Rina Funaki and Aoi Mashimo for the handling of the animals of this work. This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP 20K08120.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Health Science, Graduate School of Health Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Japan

    Takenori Yamashita & Ning Ma

  2. Sport Medical Center, Suzukakaisei Hospital, Suzuka, Japan

    Toshihiro Kato

  3. Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan

    Tamami Isogai

  4. Faculty of Health Science, Junshin Gakuen University, Fukuoka, Japan

    Yeunhwa Gu

  5. Faculty of Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Eiheiji, Japan

    Takashi Ito

Authors
  1. Takenori Yamashita
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  2. Toshihiro Kato
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  3. Tamami Isogai
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  4. Yeunhwa Gu
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  5. Takashi Ito
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  6. Ning Ma
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ning Ma .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL, USA

    Stephen W. Schaffer

  2. Department of Biology, College of Staten Island, New York, NY, USA

    Abdeslem El Idrissi

  3. Faculty of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Eiheiji-cho, Fukui, Japan

    Shigeru Murakami

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Yamashita, T., Kato, T., Isogai, T., Gu, Y., Ito, T., Ma, N. (2022). Taurine Deficiency in Tissues Aggravates Radiation-Induced Gastrointestinal Syndrome. In: Schaffer, S.W., El Idrissi, A., Murakami, S. (eds) Taurine 12. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1370. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93337-1_10

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