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Musculoskeletal Health in Menopause

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Each Woman’s Menopause: An Evidence Based Resource

Abstract

The connection between menopause and musculoskeletal alterations has been studied for many years with new evidence continuing to link estrogen deficiency to significant metabolic bone and muscle changes. What is currently known about the musculoskeletal system’s response to diminishing estrogen levels is that bone can rapidly lose its density and strength, and muscle mass can deteriorate. More subtle musculoskeletal changes commonly reported by menopausal women, including arthralgia and myalgia, have been less studied.

This chapter describes the physiology of musculoskeletal changes surrounding menopause, including the assessment, prevention, and management of the more commonly reported conditions.

Risk factors and the influence of hormones on osteoporosis prevention are reviewed, with attention to the lifestyle and nutritional factors influencing bone, joint, and muscle health. Clinical treatment guidelines for musculoskeletal conditions commonly associated with menopause are presented in the management section of this chapter and include integrative, behavioral, and pharmaceutical therapies.

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Acknowledgement

The primary author was a participant in the 2021 NLN Scholarly Writing Retreat, sponsored by the NLN/Chamberlain University College of Nursing Center for the Advancement of the Science of Nursing Education.

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  1. Jackson Orthopedic Foundation, Oakland, CA, USA

    Kathleen A. Geier

  2. Samuel Merritt University, Oakland, CA, USA

    A. J. Benham

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  1. Kathleen A. Geier
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  2. A. J. Benham
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Correspondence to Kathleen A. Geier .

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  1. Women’s Health, Patricia Geraghty FNP WHNP A Nurs Corp, Walnut Creek, CA, USA

    Patricia Geraghty

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Geier, K.A., Benham, A.J. (2022). Musculoskeletal Health in Menopause. In: Geraghty, P. (eds) Each Woman’s Menopause: An Evidence Based Resource. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85484-3_13

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85484-3_13

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