Skip to main content

Predicting CO2 Emissions for Buildings Using Regression and Classification

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Book cover Artificial Intelligence Applications and Innovations (AIAI 2021)

Abstract

This paper presents the development of regression and classification algorithms to predict greenhouse gas emissions caused by the building sector, and identify key building characteristics, which lead to excessive emissions. More specifically, two problems are addressed: the prediction of metric tons of CO2 emitted annually by a building, and building compliance to environmental laws according to its physical characteristics, such as energy, fuel, and water consumption. The experimental results show that energy use intensity and natural gas use are significant factors for decarbonizing the building sector.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Zhao, H.-X., Magoulès, F.: A review on the prediction of building energy consumption. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 16(6), 3586–3592 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Kontokosta, C.E.: Energy disclosure, market behavior, and the building data ecosystem. Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 1295(1), 34–43 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Fan, C., Xiao, F., Li, Z., Wang, J.: Unsupervised data analytics in mining big building operational data for energy efficiency enhancement: a review. Energy Build. 159, 296–308 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Yang, J., et al.: k-Shape clustering algorithm for building energy usage patterns analysis and forecasting model accuracy improvement. Energy Build. 146, 27–37 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Papadopoulos, S., Bonczak, B., Kontokosta, C.E.: Pattern recognition in building energy performance over time using energy benchmarking data. Appl. Energy 221, 576–586 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Baker, K.J., Rylatt, R.M.: Improving the prediction of UK domestic energy-demand using annual consumption-data. Appl. Energy 85(6), 475–482 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Gaitani, N., Lehmann, C., Santamouris, M., Mihalakakou, G., Patargias, P.: Using principal component and cluster analysis in the heating evaluation of the school building sector. Appl. Energy 87(6), 2079–2086 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Lara, R.A., Pernigotto, G., Cappelletti, F., Romagnoni, P., Gasparella, A.: Energy audit of schools by means of cluster analysis. Energy Build. 95, 160–171 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Mena, R., Rodríguez, F., Castilla, M., Arahal, M.R.: A prediction model based on neural networks for the energy consumption of a bioclimatic building. Energy Build. 82, 142–155 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Seyedzadeh, S., Rahimian, F., Glesk, I.Roper, Roper, M.: Machine learning for estimation of building energy consumption and performance: a review. Vis. Eng. 6(1), 5 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Waseem, A.M., Mourshed, M., Rezgui, Y.: Trees vs neurons: comparison between random forest and ANN for high-resolution prediction of building energy consumption. Energy Build. 147, 77–89 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Pombeiro, H., Santos, R., Carreira, P., Silva, C., Sousa, J.M.C.: Comparative assessment of low-complexity models to predict electricity consumption in an institutional building: Linear regression vs. fuzzy modeling vs. neural networks. Energy Build. 146, 141–151 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Dong, B., Cao, C., Lee, S.E.: Applying support vector machines to predict building energy consumption in tropical region. Energy Build. 37(5), 545–553 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Jain, R.K., Smith, K.M., Culligan, P.J., Taylor, J.E.: Forecasting energy consumption of multi-family residential buildings using support vector regression: Investigating the impact of temporal and spatial monitoring granularity on performance accuracy. Appl. Energy 123, 168–178 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Solomon, D., Winter, R., Boulanger, A., Anderson, R., Wu, L.: Forecasting energy demand in large commercial buildings using support vector machine regression (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Christantonis, K., Tjortjis, C., Manos, A., Filippidou, D.E., Christelis, E.: Smart cities data classification for electricity consumption & traffic prediction. Autom. Softw. Eng. 31(1) (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Mystakidis, A., Tjortjis, C.: Big data mining for smart cities: predicting traffic congestion using classification. In: Proceedings of 11th IEEE International Conference on Information, Intelligence, Systems and Applications (IISA 20) (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Christantonis, K., Tjortjis, C., Manos, A., Filippidou, D.E., Mougiakou, E., Christelis, E.: Using classification for traffic prediction in smart cities. In: 16th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Applications and Innovations (AIAI 20) (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Kontokosta, C.E., Tull, C.: A data-driven predictive model of city-scale energy use in buildings. Appl. Energy 197, 303–317 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Hong, S.-M., Paterson, G., Mumovic, D., Steadman, P.: Improved benchmarking comparability for energy consumption in schools. Build. Res. Inf. 42(1), 47–61 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Santamouris, M., et al.: Using intelligent clustering techniques to classify the energy performance of school buildings. Energy Build. 39(1), 45–51 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Gao, X., Malkawi, A.: A new methodology for building energy performance benchmarking: an approach based on intelligent clustering algorithm. Energy Build. 84, 607–616 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Wen, L., Yuan, X.: Forecasting CO2 emissions in Chinas commercial department, through BP neural network based on random forest and PSO. Sci. Total Env. 718, (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Wu, Y., Sharifi, A., Yang, P., Borjigin, H., Murakami, D., Yamagata, Y.: Mapping building carbon emissions within local climate zones in Shanghai. Energy Procedia 152, 815–822 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Energystar.gov. https://www.energystar.gov/buildings/facility-owners-and managers/existing-buildings/use-portfolio-manager/understand-metrics/difference

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the Hellenic Artificial Intelligence Society (EETN) for covering part of their expenses to participate in AIAI 2021.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Christos Tjortjis .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 IFIP International Federation for Information Processing

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Avramidou, A., Tjortjis, C. (2021). Predicting CO2 Emissions for Buildings Using Regression and Classification. In: Maglogiannis, I., Macintyre, J., Iliadis, L. (eds) Artificial Intelligence Applications and Innovations. AIAI 2021. IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, vol 627. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79150-6_43

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79150-6_43

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-79149-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-79150-6

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics