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Intraocular Tumours

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Lee's Ophthalmic Histopathology

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Abstract

The most common primary intraocular tumours are malignant melanomas of the uveal tract. The majority of these arise in the choroid with the remainder occurring in the ciliary body and iris. The macroscopic and microscopic features are detailed, as are the pathological appearances associated with poor prognosis. Similarly since many melanomas receive some form of treatment prior to enucleation changes associated with irradiation and local resection should be appreciated. In children the most common primary intraocular tumour is retinoblastoma which is inherited in a small proportion of cases. This causes leucocoria in children which has an important differential diagnosis. Enucleation for metastatic tumours is uncommon except when the primary site is unknown. Lymphoma occasionally occur in the uveal tract and diffuse large cell B cell lymphoma may involve the central nervous system and the retina sometimes in association with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Vascular tumours of the retina and choroid may be associated with malformations in the central nervous system (CNS) and skin (von Hippel-Lindau and Sturge-Weber syndrome respectively). Tumours of the epithelium of the ciliary processes and the pigment epithelium of retina are rare as are the tumours derived from the glial cells (astrocytes) of the retina.

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  1. Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK

    Fiona Roberts

  2. Department of Pathology, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK

    Chee Koon Thum

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Roberts, F., Thum, C.K. (2021). Intraocular Tumours. In: Lee's Ophthalmic Histopathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76525-5_5

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