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Microbial EPS as Immunomodulatory Agents

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Microbial Exopolysaccharides as Novel and Significant Biomaterials

Part of the book series: Springer Series on Polymer and Composite Materials ((SSPCM))

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Abstract

The rich diversity of microorganisms represents a potential reservoir of bioactive compounds with valuable pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications. Microbial EPS signifies one of the major biomolecules which are much explored in pharmaceutical and food industries. They have added advantage of production as they can be cultivated in a controlled condition and process can be optimised for large-scale production. Microbial EPS as immunomodulatory agent is of great interest due to its effectiveness in treating infectious diseases in the absence of suitable antimicrobial therapy and the international market for immunomodulators is believed to increase exponentially. Immunomodulatory activity is the pharmacological effect to influence the cellular and/or humoral immune system, either through stimulation or suppression, to maintain immune homeostasis. Such agents, which possess activity to modulate pathophysiological processes, are addressed as immunomodulatory agents. Immunostimulation or immunopotentiation augments immunological reactions to prevent or to control diseases either through humoral immunity or cell-mediated immunity, whereas immune suppression impedes immune responses. Numerous investigations have been conducted to evaluate the immunomodulatory potencies of these microbial EPS. This chapter gives an insight on the available literature on microbial EPS-based immune modulation, how immunomodulators work, factors influencing immunomodulation and evaluation of immunomodulatory activity of EPS.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North (PO), Kochi, Kerala, 682018, India

    K. V. Jaseera

  2. Department of Biotechnology, Sir Syed Institute for Technical Studies, Kannur, Taliparamba, Kerala, 670142, India

    Thasneem Abdulla

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  1. Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Ashok Kumar Nadda

  2. Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

    Sajna K. V.

  3. University Institute of Biotechnology (UIBT), Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India

    Swati Sharma

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Jaseera, K.V., Abdulla, T. (2021). Microbial EPS as Immunomodulatory Agents. In: Nadda, A.K., K. V., S., Sharma, S. (eds) Microbial Exopolysaccharides as Novel and Significant Biomaterials. Springer Series on Polymer and Composite Materials. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75289-7_9

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