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Translational Urinomics pp 61–80Cite as

Research Progress of Urine Biomarkers in the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis of Bladder Cancer

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Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((PMISB,volume 1306))

Abstract

Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most common tumor with high incidence. Relative to other cancers, BC has a high rate of recurrence, which results in increased mortality. As a result, early diagnosis and life-long monitoring are clinically significant for improving the long-term survival rate of BC patients. At present, the main methods of BC detection are cystoscopy and biopsy; however, these procedures can be invasive and expensive. This can lead to patient refusal and reluctance for monitoring. There are several BC biomarkers that have been approved by the FDA, but their sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy are not ideal. More research is needed to identify suitable biomarkers that can be used for early detection, evaluation, and observation. There has been heavy research in the proteomics and genomics of BC and many potential biomarkers have been found. Although the advent of metabonomics came late, with the recent development of advanced analytical technology and bioinformatics, metabonomics has become a widely used diagnostic tool in clinical and biomedical research. It should be emphasized that despite progress in new biomarkers for BC diagnosis, there remains challenges and limitations in metabonomics research that affects its translation into clinical practice. In this chapter, the latest literature on BC biomarkers was reviewed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Feng Jin, Muhammad Shahid & Jayoung Kim

  2. Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Jayoung Kim

  3. Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Jayoung Kim

  4. University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Jayoung Kim

  5. Department of Urology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea

    Jayoung Kim

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  1. Feng Jin
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  1. LAQV-REQUIMTE - Department of Chemistry NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal

    Hugo Miguel Baptista Carreira dos Santos

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Jin, F., Shahid, M., Kim, J. (2021). Research Progress of Urine Biomarkers in the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis of Bladder Cancer. In: Baptista Carreira dos Santos, H.M. (eds) Translational Urinomics. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology(), vol 1306. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63908-2_5

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