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Liver Failure Associated to the Polycompartment Syndrome

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Compartment Syndrome

Part of the book series: Hot Topics in Acute Care Surgery and Trauma ((HTACST))

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Abstract

The polycompartment syndrome is defined when more than one body compartment is affected by an increase in the compartmental pressure to such an extent to compromise tissue and organ perfusion. The deleterious effects on organ function are directly related to the severity of the syndrome and number of compartments involved. The abdomen plays a central role in the polycompartment syndrome and the liver seems to be particularly susceptible to injury in the presence of elevated abdominal pressures (IAP), especially in case of abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS).

Deterioration of hepatic cell function and liver perfusion have been revealed by different animal and human studies even with reduced level of intra-abdominal pressure. Furthermore, acute liver failure, decompensated chronic liver disease, and liver transplantation are frequently complicated by IAH and ACS. Hepatopulmonary and hepatorenal syndromes are often worsen by the pathophysiological condition occurring during IAP. A close monitoring and early treatment focused on restoring organ perfusion lowering compartmental pressure may confer an outcome beneficial to the patient decreasing mortality.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

    Francesco Forfori, Francesco Corradi & Giandomenico Biancofiore

  2. Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana (AOUP), Pisa, Italy

    Francesco Forfori

Authors
  1. Francesco Forfori
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  2. Francesco Corradi
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  3. Giandomenico Biancofiore
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Francesco Forfori .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. General, Emergency and Trauma Surgery Department, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy

    Federico Coccolini

  2. Intensive Care Unit, Ziekenhuisnetwerk Antwerpen Stuivenberg, Antwerpen, Belgium

    Manu L.N.G. Malbrain

  3. Regional Trauma Services, Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada

    Andrew W Kirkpatrick

  4. Chief Physician in Intensive Care Unit and Trauma Management in Level-1 Trauma Center, “M. Bufalini” Hospital, CESENA, Forli/Cesana, Italy

    Emiliano Gamberini

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Forfori, F., Corradi, F., Biancofiore, G. (2021). Liver Failure Associated to the Polycompartment Syndrome. In: Coccolini, F., Malbrain, M.L., Kirkpatrick, A.W., Gamberini, E. (eds) Compartment Syndrome. Hot Topics in Acute Care Surgery and Trauma. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55378-4_13

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55378-4_13

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-55377-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-55378-4

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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