Abstract
This chapter examines whether a focus on the informal creative economy can support peripheral cultural scenes that remain invisible to policy and society. In contexts of extreme poverty and deprivation, mobilising the idea of the ‘creative economy’ can generate resources, interest and support that would otherwise not exist, opening up greater possibilities for cultural producers and artists in shantytowns who are attempting to secure jobs in the cultural and creative sector.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
- 1.
The programme was expanded so as to include a diversity of locations beyond favelas: rural spaces, urban spaces as a whole and ‘quilombos’ communities (Secretaria de Cultura RJ 2016). Although the latter originally provided shelter for escaped African slaves, over 3,500 still exist in Brazil (Fundação Cultural Palmares 2016).
References
Alsayyad, N. 2004. Urban informality as a ‘new’ way of life. In Urban informality: Transnational perspectives from the Middle East, Latin America, and South Asia, ed. A. Roy and N. Alsayyad, 1–30. Oxford: Lexington Books.
Banks, M. 2007. The politics of cultural work. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
———. 2017. Creative justice: Cultural industries, work and inequality. Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield International.
Banks, M., R. Gill, and S. Taylor. 2013. Theorizing cultural work: Labour, continuity and change in the cultural and creative industries. London: Routledge.
Barbosa, J.L. 2013. Favela: Solo cultural da cidade. In Solos culturais, ed. J.L. Barbosa and C. Gonçalves Dias. Rio de Janeiro: Observatório de Favelas.
Bayardo, R. 2013. Políticas culturales y economía simbólica de las ciudades: ‘Buenos Aires, en todo estás vos.’. Latin American Research Review 48: 100–128.
Belfiore, E. 2002. Art as a means of alleviating social exclusion: Does it really work? A critique of instrumental cultural policies and social impact studies in the UK. International Journal of Cultural Policy 8 (1): 91–106.
Brikman, D. 2016. ¿Gestión social de Hábitat? La política del PRO en las Villas de CABA, 2011–2015. Quid 16, IIGG 6: 1–26.
Brillembourg, A., H. Klumpner, and A. Kalagas. 2015. El Sur global: Future resilient city. Architectural Design 85 (4): 100–105.
Brook, O., D. O’Brien, and M. Taylor. 2018. Panic! Social class, taste and inequalities in the creative industries. https://static.a-n.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Panic-Social-class-taste-and-inequalities-in-the-creative-industries.pdf. Accessed 13 May 2019.
Buenos Aires Ciudad. 2019. Conocé el Distrito Tecnológico de la Ciudad.’ Buenos Aires BA website. https://www.buenosaires.gob.ar/noticias/conoce-el-distrito-tecnologico-de-la-ciudad. Accessed 13 May 2019.
Buitrago, F., and I. Duque. 2013. La economía naranja: Una oportunidad infinita. New York: Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo.
Clarín. 2017. De barrios vulnerables a la Usina del Arte, para mostrar y festejar. Clarín, December 17. https://www.clarin.com/ciudades/barrios-vulnerables-usina-arte-mostrar-festejar_0_r1GWjKEzG.html. Accessed 13 May 2019.
Conor, B., R. Gill, and S. Taylor. 2015. Gender and creative labour. The Sociological Review 63 (1_suppl): 1–22.
Costa, E., and G. Agustini, eds. 2014. De baixo pra cima. Rio de Janeiro: Aeroplano editora.
Curtin, M., and K. Sanson. 2016. Precarious creativity: Global media, local labor. Berkeley: University of California Press.
De Souza e silva, J. 2014. As periferias roubam a cena cultural carioca. In De baixo para cima, ed. E. Costa and G. Agustini, 55–78. Rio de Janeiro: Aeroplano.
Del Río, J. 2016. Emprendedores y Gobierno, fin de la grieta. La Nación, March 13. https://www.lanacion.com.ar/economia/emprendedores-y-gobierno-fin-de-la-grieta-nid1879108. Accessed 13 May 2019.
Dinardi, C. 2019. Creativity, informality and cultural work in Rio de Janeiro’s favelas. International Journal of Cultural Studies 22 (2): 248–263.
European Commission. 2005. The role of culture in preventing and reducing poverty and social exclusion. Policy Studies Findings 2: 1–8.
FIRJAN. 2008. A cadeia da indústria criativa no Brasil. Rio De Janeiro: Firjan.
———. 2016. Indústria criativa. Análise especial: Rio de Janeiro. FIRJAN. http://www.firjan.com.br/economiacriativa/download/analise_especial_rj_-_2016.pdf. Accessed 13 May 2019.
———. 2019. Mapeamento da indústria criativa no Brasil. FIRJAN. https://www.firjan.com.br/EconomiaCriativa/downloads/MapeamentoIndustriaCriativa.pdf. Accessed 13 May 2019.
Fundação Cultural Palmares. 2016. Quilombos ainda existem no Brasil. Palmares Fundação Cultural. http://www.palmares.gov.br/?p=3041. Accessed 13 May 2019.
Gandra, A. 2014. Favela Criativa desenvolve talentos em comunidades do Rio. Exame, June 26. https://exame.abril.com.br/brasil/favela-criativa-desenvolve-talentos-em-comunidades-do-rio/. Accessed 13 May 2019.
Gill, R. 2014. Unspeakable inequalities: Post feminism, entrepreneurial subjectivity, and the repudiation of sexism among cultural workers. Social Politics 21 (4): 509–528.
Gill, R., and A. Pratt. 2008. In the social factory? Immaterial labour, precariousness and cultural work. Theory, Culture and Society 25 (7–8): 1–30.
Hesmondhalgh, D., and S. Baker. 2011. Creative labour: Media work in three cultural industries. New York: Routledge.
Infobae. 2019. ¿Cuáles son las estrategias culturales de México, Londres, Washington D.C. y Lisboa? Infobae, May 3. https://www.infobae.com/america/cultura-america/2019/04/03/cuales-son-las-estrategias-culturales-de-mexico-londres-washington-d-c-y-lisboa/. Accessed 13 May 2019.
International Labour Organization. 2018. Women and men in the informal economy: A statistical picture. Third edition. ILO.
Jauregui, J.M. 2011. Articulating the broken city and society. Architectural Design 81 (3): 58–63.
Jovchelovitch, S., and J. Priego-Hernández. 2013. Underground sociabilities: Identity, culture and resistance in Rio de Janeiro’s favelas. Brasilia: UNESCO.
Landry, C. 2000. The creative city: A toolkit for Urban Innovators. London: Earthscan.
Lederman, J. 2015. Urban fads and consensual fictions: Creative, sustainable, and competitive city policies in Buenos Aires. City Community 14 (1): 47–67.
Littler, J. 2017. Against Meritocracy. London: Routledge.
Mbaye, J., and C. Dinardi. 2019. Ins and outs of the cultural polis: Informality, culture and governance in the global South. Urban Studies 56 (3): 578–593.
McFarlane, C. 2012. The entrepreneurial slum: Civil society, mobility and the co-production of urban development. Urban Studies 49 (13): 2795–2816.
McRobbie, A. 2016. Be creative: Making a living in the new culture industries. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Mehrotra, R. 2010. Foreword. In Rethinking the informal city: Critical perspectives from Latin America, ed. F. Hernández, P. Kellett, and L.K. Allen, xi–xiv. New York: Berghan Books.
Merkel, J. 2018. ‘Freelance isn’t free.’ Co-working as a critical urban practice to cope with informality in creative labour markets. Urban Studies 56 (3): 526–547.
Mérola, M. 2017. ¿Nueva política pública o moda pasajera? El caso de la política de desarrollo emprendedor de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires entre 2008 y 2015. MA Thesis, University of Georgetown. https://repository.library.georgetown.edu/bitstream/handle/10822/1044654/Merola_georgetown_0076M_13757.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y. Accessed 13 May 2019.
O’Brien, D., and K. Oakley. 2015. Cultural value and inequality: A critical literature review. Swindon: AHRC.
O’Brien, D., D. Laurison, A. Miles, and S. Friedman. 2016. Are the creative industries meritocratic? An analysis of the 2014 British Labour Force Survey. Cultural Trends 25 (2): 116–131.
Observatório de Favelas. 2009. O que é a favela, afinal? Rio de Janeiro: Observatório de Favelas.
Palma, J., and M. Garcia Lozano. 2017. Building more affordable and disaster-resilient housing in Latin America and the Caribbean: A few policy ideas. Sustainable Cities: The World Bank blog, May 4. https://blogs.worldbank.org/sustainablecities/building-more-affordable-and-disaster-resilient-housing-latin-america-and-caribbean-few-policy-ideas. Accessed 13 May 2019.
Pereira, I., R. Bartholo, É.R. Silva, and D. Proença. 2017. Entrepreneurship in the favela of Rocinha, Rio de Janeiro: A critical approach. Latin American Research Review 52 (1): 79–93.
Perlman, J. 2010. Favela: Four decades of living on the edge in Rio de Janeiro. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Registro Nacional de Barrios Populares. 2018. Relevamiento Nacional De Barrios Populares, available online: https://www.argentina.gob.ar/habitat/renabap. Accessed 13 May 2019.
Saha, A. 2017. Race and the cultural industries. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Schiray, D.M., C.C. Carvalho, and R. Afonso. 2017. Creative economy as a social technology approach: A case study in favela da Mangueira, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Academia: Revista Latinoamericana de Administración 30 (4): 508–528.
Schlesinger, P. 2017. The creative economy: Invention of a global orthodoxy, Innovation. European Journal of Social Science Research 30 (1): 73–90.
SEBRAE. 2018. Sebrae levará empreendedores das favelas para o Rock in Rio 2019. Sebrae News portal, April 25. http://agenciasebrae.com.br/sites/asn/uf/NA/sebrae-levara-empreendedores-das-favelas-para-o-rock-in-rio-2019,a2465c6932df2610VgnVCM1000004c00210aRCRD. Accessed 13 May 2019.
Secretaria de Cultura, R.J. 2016. Inscrições para edital Cidade Criativa Incubação. http://cultura.rj.gov.br/. Accessed 13 May 2019.
St. Martin, K., G. Roelvink, K. Gibson, and J. Graham. 2015. Introduction: An economic politics for our times. In Making other worlds possible: Performing diverse economies, ed. G. Roelvink, K.St. Martin, and J.K. Gibson-Graham, 1–25. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
TECHO. 2016. Relevamiento de asentamientos informales. TECHO Argentina. https://www.techo.org/argentina/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2019/04/Informe-Relevamiento-de-Asentamientos-Informales-2016-TECHO-Argentina.pdf. Accessed 13 May 2019.
Thomasz, G. 2016. Los nuevos distritos creativos de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires: la conversión del barrio de La Boca en el ‘Distrito de las Artes’. EURE (Santiago) 42 (126): 145–167.
UNCTAD. 2008. Creative economy report: The challenge of assessing the creative economy. Towards informed policy-making. United Nations. https://unctad.org/en/Docs/ditctab20103_en.pdf. Accessed 13 May 2019.
———. 2010. Creative economy report: Creative economy, a feasible development option. United Nations. https://unctad.org/en/Docs/ditctab20103_en.pdf. Accessed 13 May 2019.
———. 2013. Creative Economy report 2013. Special edition: Widening local development paths. United Nations. http://www.unesco.org/culture/pdf/creative-economy-report-2013-en.pdf. Accessed 13 May 2019.
———. 2018. Creative economy outlook: Trends in international trade in creative industries. United Nations. https://unctad.org/en/pages/publications/Creative-Economy-Report-(Series).aspx. Accessed 13 May 2019.
UN-Habitat. 2012. State of Latin American and Caribbean cities 2012: Towards a new urban transition. UN Habitat. https://unhabitat.org/books/state-of-latin-american-and-caribbean-cities-2/. Accessed 13 May 2019.
Valladares, L.D.P. 2005. A invenção da favela: Do mito de origem a favela.com. Rio de Janeiro: Editora FGV.
Varley, A. 2013. Postcolonialising informality? Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 31 (1): 4–22.
Vera, J., and A. Salvia. 2019. Pobreza y desigualdad monetaria en los hogares urbanos de la Argentina a partir de la encuesta de la deuda social argentina (2010–2018). Working paper, UCA. Buenos Aires: UCA.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Dinardi, C. (2020). Re-thinking the Creative Economy Through Informality and Social Inclusion: Changing Policy Directions from Latin America. In: Oakley, K., Banks, M. (eds) Cultural Industries and the Environmental Crisis. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49384-4_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49384-4_7
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-49383-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-49384-4
eBook Packages: Economics and FinanceEconomics and Finance (R0)