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Diagnostics of Pigmented Skin Tumors Based on Light-Induced Autofluorescence and Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy

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Multimodal Optical Diagnostics of Cancer

Abstract

Skin neoplasia diagnosis, nevertheless of their easy access and possibility to be observed by the naked eye, is a prominent area for research and development of novel instruments, based on spectroscopic detection and differentiation of cutaneous abnormalities. Due to the variety of cutaneous malignancies’ types and huge set of benign and dysplastic lesions in this tissue with similar appearance early detection of malignant changes is not easy and proper diagnosis is strongly dependent on the dermatologists’ experience. The most popular spectral approaches used for skin cancer investigations are based on light-induced autofluorescence (LIAFS) and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and are applied for searching of specific emission and absorption features that could be used for discrimination of early neoplastic changes. LIAFS approach is appropriate for detection and discrimination of non-pigmented cutaneous lesions, but suboptimal for pigmented pathologies due to low-level fluorescent signal that could be detected. In such cases DRS technique is more appropriate and could be used for highly pigmented skin pathologies, including pigmented malignant melanoma lesions, one of the most severe types of cancer. Combination of these both techniques allows to diagnose the whole set of benign, dysplastic, and malignant cutaneous lesions with high sensitivity and specificity.

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Acknowledgments

This work is supported by the National Science Fund of Bulgarian Ministry of Education and Science under grant #DMU-03-46/2011 and grant #KP06-N28/11/2018.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Electronics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria

    Ekaterina G. Borisova

  2. Saratov State University, Saratov, Russian Federation

    Ekaterina G. Borisova

  3. University Hospital “Tsaritsa Yoanna – ISUL”, Sofia, Bulgaria

    Petranka Troyanova

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  1. Ekaterina G. Borisova
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  2. Petranka Troyanova
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Correspondence to Ekaterina G. Borisova .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Optics and Biophotonics, Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia

    Valery V. Tuchin

  2. Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology e.V. and Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, University of Jena, Jena, Thüringen, Germany

    Jürgen Popp

  3. Department of Laser and Biotechnical Systems, Samara National Research University, Samara, Russia

    Valery Zakharov

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Borisova, E.G., Troyanova, P. (2020). Diagnostics of Pigmented Skin Tumors Based on Light-Induced Autofluorescence and Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy. In: Tuchin, V.V., Popp, J., Zakharov, V. (eds) Multimodal Optical Diagnostics of Cancer. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44594-2_7

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