Abstract
Unlike other case studies in this book, Norway stands out as the only democratic OECD country committed to transparency and accountability, as is well demonstrated by its high rankings in international indices for freedom and democracy. It is exactly these traits that make Norway a fascinating case to compare the other three countries against, in terms of how international voluntary initiatives, like the EITI, are implemented. The case demonstrates the dichotomy between Norway as an international supporter and promoter of transparency in the extractive industries norm, and as a country facing challenges in keeping up and complying with the rules of the EITI. Thus, whereas in the international context, Norway is very much advanced, at the domestic level it still has to go through patterns and processes of norm implementation, just like any other state.
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Notes
- 1.
Currently, Germany, the Netherlands, and the UK are also among implementing countries. For more details, see https://eiti.org/countries.
- 2.
The G8 statements mentioned here refer to the G8 summit in Evian in 2003. Retrieved from: http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/summit/2003evian/corruption_en.html. Accessed on August 3, 2015.
- 3.
The EITI Multi-Donor Trust Fund (MDTF) was established to assists World Bank’s programs for EITI implementation. Fifteen donors support the MDTF, including Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, European Union, Finland, France, Germany, Japan, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Switzerland, UK and the USA. For more information on MDTF, see http://www.worldbank.org/en/programs/eitimdtf#2.
- 4.
FATF is an inter-governmental body established in 1989 with the aim to combat money laundering, terrorism funding and other financial crimes. For more information on FATF, see http://www.fatf-gafi.org/pages/aboutus/whoweare/. Accessed on September, 20, 2015.
- 5.
Leading Group on Innovative Financing for Development is a platform of 63 countries, international organisations and civil society groups, working on implementation of innovative financing mechanisms in development programs. For more information, see http://leadinggroup.org/rubrique172.html. Accessed on September 20, 2015.
- 6.
Global Financial Integrity (GFI) is a non-profit research and advisory organisation focusing on illicit financial flows. For more information on GFI, see http://www.gfintegrity.org/about/. Accessed on September, 20, 2015.
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Tskhay, A. (2020). Norway: Leading by Example. In: Global Norm Compliance. Norm Research in International Relations. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41452-8_4
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