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Cancer Prevention by Tea Polyphenols

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Book cover Natural Products for Cancer Chemoprevention

Abstract

The cancer preventive activities of tea (Camellia Sinensis Theaceae) have been investigated extensively in laboratory and human studies. Green tea polyphenols, mainly catechins, have shown inhibitory activities against tumorigenesis in different animal models, including those for cancers of the lung, oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon, bladder, liver, pancreas, skin, prostate and mammary glands. Similar activities have also been reported in some human studies. This chapter reviews the nature of these inhibitory actions and discusses possible mechanisms involved. These inhibitory activities are attributed to catechins, especially the most abundant (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). The antioxidant or pro-oxidant activities of catechins and their binding to molecular targets would affect signal transduction and metabolic pathways that enhance apoptosis, suppress cell proliferation, and inhibit angiogenesis, resulting in the inhibition of carcinogenesis and cancer cell growth. Tea is considered a healthy beverage. However, the effect of tea consumption on the prevention of cancer in humans still needs to be further investigated. This chapter discusses some future directions in this area of research and concerns about possible toxicity, especially with high doses of tea polyphenols in tablet form.

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Abbreviations

67LR:

67 kDa Laminin receptor

ACF:

Aberrant crypt foci

AKT:

Protein kinase B

AOM:

Azoxymethane

CVDs:

Cardiovascular diseases

DNMT:

DNA methyltransferase

EC:

(−)-Epicatechin

ECG:

(−)-Epicatechin-3-gallate

EGC:

(−)-Epigallocatechin

EGCG:

(−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate

EGFR:

Epidermal growth factor receptor

GTE:

Green tea extract

HAT:

Acetyltransferase

HCC:

Hepatocellular carcinoma

HFD:

High-fat diet

HGFR or c-Met:

Hepatocyte growth factor receptor

hTERT:

Human telomerase reverse transcriptase

IGF1:

Insulin-like growth factor 1

IGF1R:

IGF1 receptor

IGFBP3:

IGF binding protein 3

IHC:

Immunohistochemistry

M4:

5-(3′, 4′, 5′-trihydroxyphenyl)-γ-valerolactone

M6:

5-(3′, 4′-dihydroxyphenyl)-γ-valerolactone

M6′:

5-(3′, 5′-dihydroxyphenyl)-γ-valerolactone

MAPK:

Mitogen-activated protein kinases

MMP:

Matrix metalloproteinase

MRP2:

Multidrug resistant protein 2

NNK:

4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone

Nrf2:

Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2

OR:

Odds ratio

PDE5:

Phosphodiesterase 5

PI3K:

Phosphotidylinositol 3-kinase

PIN:

Prostate intraepithelial neoplasia

PPE:

Polyphenon E

RCT:

Randomized clinical trial

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

RTKs:

Receptor tyrosine kinases

SFRP:

Secreted frizzled-related protein

SPR:

Surface plasmon resonance

STAT1:

Signal transduction activator of transcription 1

TAM:

Tumor-associated macrophages

TRAMP:

Transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate

VEGFA:

Vascular endothelial growth factor A

VEGFR:

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by NIH grants CA120915, CA122474 and C141756. The author would like to thank Ms. Vi P. Dan for her assistance in preparing the manuscript.

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  1. Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA

    Chung S. Yang

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  1. Chung S. Yang
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  1. Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY, USA

    John M. Pezzuto

  2. Department of Science, Systems & Models, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark

    Ole Vang

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Yang, C.S. (2020). Cancer Prevention by Tea Polyphenols. In: Pezzuto, J., Vang, O. (eds) Natural Products for Cancer Chemoprevention. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39855-2_8

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