Abstract
States coexist alongside other states with which they maintain relations of cooperation or conflict. Together they give life to the international political system which, even in the absence of a single sovereign authority, adopts a structure based on shared principles and rules. All states are nominally equal, but not all have the same weight in setting behavioural standards. There is therefore a hierarchy with the economically and militarily stronger states at the top. The international system is not completely anarchical. Between total anarchy and total hierarchy there are different intermediate formulas ranging from alliances between states to higher forms of integration, as happens in the case of international regimes or agreements between governments within an institutional framework. In the field of international relations, we can identify several schools that, on the one hand, stress conflict and inequality between states, and on the other hand, focus on cooperation and equality between states. The growing interdependence among actors, especially under the pressure of the processes of transnationalisation of the economy, has given rise to a global political system, where states are joined in the global arena by a series of non-state actors, such as large economic corporations and a myriad of non-governmental movements and organisations that, together, give meaning to a global civil society that acts on a local and sub-national level, as well as on a transnational level. In this context, governments face a series of challenges in the fields of safety, environmental sustainability, rights and knowledge that make the world a community of destiny. Environmental sustainability, international security and international migration are just some of the challenges facing international politics.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Abbott, K., & Snidal, D. (1998). Why State Act Through Formal International Organizations. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 42(1), 3–32.
Aron, R. (1962). Paix et Guerre entre les Nations. Paris: Calmann-Lévy.
Attinà , F. (2011). The Global Political System. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Baylis, J., & Smith, S. (Eds.). (2001). The Globalization of World Politics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Beck, U. (1997). Wast Ist Globalisierung? Frankfurt: Suhrkamp Verlag.
Bonditti, P., & Olsson, C. (2017). Violence, War and Security Knowledge: Between Practical Theories and Theoretical Practices. In T. Basaran, D. Bigo, E.-P. Guittet, & R. B. J. Walker (Eds.), International Political Sociology: Transversal Lines (pp. 228–253). London and New York: Routledge.
Bull, H. (1977). The Anarchical Society: A Study of Order in International Society. New York: Columbia University Press.
Burton, W. J. (1972). World Society. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Chase-Dunn, C. (1989). Global Formation: Structures of the World-Economy. Oxford: Blackwell.
Christiansen, T. (2001). European and Regional Integration. In J. Baylis & S. Smith (Eds.), The Globalization of World Politics (pp. 494–518). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Claude, I. L. (1993). The Tension Between Principle and Pragmatism in International Relations. Review of International Studies, 19(3), 215–226.
Cohen, R. (1981). International Politics: The Rules of the Game. London: Longman.
Cox, R. W. (1987). Production, Power, and World Order: Social Forces in the Making of History. New York: Columbia University Press.
Dandeker, C. (1990). Surveillance, Power and Modernity: Bureaucracy and Discipline from 1700 to Present Day. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Davis, F. G. (2012). Politics and Financial Markets. In K. Knorr Cetina & A. Preda (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of the Sociology of Finance (pp. 33–51). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Dombrowsky, P., & Gholz, E. (2006). Buying Military Transformation: Technological Innovation and the Defense Industry. New York: Columbia University Press.
Drezner, D. W. (2001). Globalization and Policy Convergence. International Studies Review, 3(1), 53–81.
Eichengreen, B. (2003). Capital Flows and Crises. Cambridge: MIT Press.
Epstein, G. (Ed.). (2005). Financialization and the World Economy. Cheltenham: Elgar.
Fisher, M. S., & Downey, G. (Eds.). (2006). Frontiers of Capital: Ethnographic Reflections on the New Economy. Durham: Duke University Press.
Florini, A. (1996). The Evolution of International Norms. International Studies Quarterly, 40(3), 362–390.
Giddens, A. (1990). The Consequences of Modernity. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Gill, P., & Phythian, M. (2006). Intelligence in an Insecure World. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Gilpin, R. (1981). War and Change in World Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Gilpin, R. (1987). The Political Economy of International Relations. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Giner, S. (2000). La mundializazión: orÃgenes, naturalezza, alcance. Cuadernos Aragoneses de Economia, 10(1), 15–63.
Goodhart, C. (1985). The Evolution of Central Banks. Cambridge: MIT Press.
Harvey, D. (1990). The Condition of Postmodernity. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Hastedt, G. P., & Knickrehm, K. M. (2003). International Politics in a Changing World. New York: Longman.
Held, D. (1987). Models of Democracy. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Held, D. (1989). Political Theory and the Modern State. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Held, D. (1995a). Democracy and the Global Disorder. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Held, D. (1995b). Democracy and the New International Order. In D. Archibugi & D. Held (Eds.), Cosmopolitan Democracy: An Agenda for a New World Order (pp. 96–120). Cambridge: Polity Press.
Held, D. (2000). Democracy, the Nation-State, and the Global System. In K. Nash (Ed.), Contemporary Political Sociology (pp. 310–335). Oxford: Blackwell.
Held, D. (2009). Ridefinire la governance globale: apocalisse subito o riforma. Partecipazione e conflitto, 2(2), 31–54.
Held, D., McGrew, A., Goldblatt, D., & Perraton, J. (1999). Global Transformations. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Hertz, N. (2001). The Silent Takeover: Global Capitalism and Death of Democracy. London: William Heinemann.
Inkeles, A. (1975). The Emerging Social Structure of the World. World Politics, 27(4), 467–495.
James, A. (1992). The Realism of Realism: The State and the Study of International Relations. Review of International Studies, 15(3), 215–230.
Kaplan, M. (1956). System and Process in International Politics. New York: Wiley and Sons.
Kehoane, R. O. (1988). International Institutions: Two Approaches. International Studies Quarterly, 32(4), 379–396.
Kehoane, R. O., & Nye, J. (1975). International Interdependence and Integration. In F. I. Greenstein & N. W. Polsby (Eds.), International Politics: Handbook of Political Science (Vol. 8, pp. 363–414). Reading: Addison-Wesley.
Knorr Cetina, K., & Preda, A. (2012). Introduction. In K. Knorr Cetina & A. Preda (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of the Sociology of Finance (pp. 1–11). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Knorr, C., & Preda, A. (Eds.). (2004). The Sociology of Financial Markets. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Krasner, S. D. (1982). International Regimes. Special issue of International Organization, XXXVI(3).
Kratochwil, F. V. (1989). Rules, Norms, and Decisions: On the Conditions of Practical and Legal Reasoning in International Relations and Domestic Affairs. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Krippner, G. R. (2011). Capitalizing on Crisis: The Political Origins of the Rise of Finance. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Lutterbeck, D. (2005). Blurring the Dividing Line: The Convergence of Internal and External Security in Western Europe. European Security, 14, 231–253.
Martell, L. (2010). The Sociology of Globalization. Cambridge: Polity Press.
McNeil, W. H. (1978). Human Migration: An Historical Overview. In W. H. McNeil & R. S. Adams (Eds.), Human Migrations: Patterns and Policies. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.
Modelski, G. (1978). The Long Cycle of Global Politics and Nation-State. Comparative Studies in Society and History, 20(2), 214–235.
Modelski, G. (1987). A System Model of Long Cycle. In Id (Ed.), Exploring Long Cycles (pp. 112–128). Boulder: Lynne Rienner.
Morgenthau, H. J. (1948). Politics Among Nations. New York: Knopf.
Ostrom, E. (1990). Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Ragin, C. C. (1981). Comparative Sociology and Comparative Method. International Journal of Comparative Sociology, 22(1–2), 102–120.
Ragin, C., & Chirot, D. (1984). The World System of Immanuel Wallerstein: Sociology and Politics as History. In T. Skocpol (Ed.), Vision and Method in Historical Sociology (pp. 276–312). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Robertson, R., & Khondker, H. H. (1998). Discourses of Globalization: Preliminary Considerations. International Sociology, 13(1), 25–40.
Rosenau, J. (1990). Turbulence in World Politics: A Theory of Chance and Continuity. New York: Harvester-Wheatsheaf.
Sassen, S. (1996). Losing Control: Sovereignty in an Age of Globalization. New York: Columbia University Press.
Sassen, S. (2007). A Sociology of Globalization. New York: Norton.
Sassen, S. (2012). Global Finance and Its Institutional Spaces. In K. Knorr Cetina & A. Preda (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of the Sociology of Finance (pp. 13–32). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Shepherd, W. (1994). International Financial Integration. Aldershot: Avebury.
Smith, S. J. (2012). Care-full Markets: Miracle or Mirage? (Tranner Lectures on Human Values 31). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Waddington, P. A. J. (1999). Policing Citizens: Authority and Rights. London: UCL Press.
Wallerstein, I. (1961). Africa: The Politics of Independence. New York: Vintage Books.
Wallerstein, I. (1964). The Road to Independence: Ghana and the Ivory Coast. The Hague: Mouton.
Wallerstein, I. (1967). Africa: The Politics of Unity: An Analysis of a Contemporary Social Movements. New York: Random House.
Wallerstein, I. (1974a). The Modern World System: Capitalist Agriculture and the Origins of the European Word-Economy in the Sixteenth Century. New York: Academic Press.
Wallerstein, I. (1974b). The Rise and the Future Demise of the World Capitalist System: Concepts for Comparative Analysis. Comparative Studies in Society and History, 16, 389–415.
Wallerstein, I. (1980). The Modern World-System II: Mercantilism and Consolidation of the European World-Economy 1600–1750. New York: Academic Press.
Waltz, K. (1979). Theory of International Politics. Reading: Addison-Wesley.
Watson, A. (1967). Back to Gold—And Silver. Economic History Review, 20(1), 1–34.
Westing, A. (Ed.). (1986). Global Resources and International Conflict. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Wight, M. (1947). Power Politics. Leicester: Leicester University Press.
Yearly, S. (1995). Dirty Connections: Transnational Pollution. In J. Allen & C. Hamnet (Eds.), A Shrinking World? Global Unevenness and Inequality. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Zaloom, C. (2006). Out of the Pits: Traders and Technology from Chicago to London. Chicago: Chicago University Press.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
de Nardis, F. (2020). International System and Globalisation. In: Understanding Politics and Society. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37760-1_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37760-1_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-37759-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-37760-1
eBook Packages: Political Science and International StudiesPolitical Science and International Studies (R0)