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Lignocellulosic Biomass

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Handbook on Characterization of Biomass, Biowaste and Related By-products

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Abstract

Lignocellulosic biomass is a complex mixture of biomacromolecules that varies significantly from one specie to the other and even throughout the same specie depending on many aspects such as geographical location, season, soil, etc. Cellulose-based material is the most abundant source of renewable carbon on earth and the increasing concerns toward reduction of GHG emissions around the globe will surely draw significantly more attention to it in the upcoming years. Non-edible biomass (also called second-generation biomass) is often divided in three categories, which are straws, softwood and hardwood. Each of these categories involves the same major macromolecules: cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin. To a lesser extent, this biomass may also contain proteins and lipids (mostly for agricultural biomass belonging to the straw category). Finally, all contain extractives (or secondary metabolites) which amongst all constituents are the most unpredictable. Finally, the inorganic content of lignocellulosic biomass has also a major impact on its application, especially in the field of bioenergy. In this chapter, the focus will be given on providing different levels of quantification for each of these macromolecules. When, in some cases, only a general composition is sufficient, simple analysis based on gravimetric methods will be provided. However, some applications of biomass will require a deeper investigation of the different macromolecules and in that sense, more comprehensive protocols, involving state of the art analytics such as spectroscopy and chromatography will be provided.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnological Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boulevard de l’Université, J1K 2R1, Sherbrooke, Canada

    Thierry Ghislain, Xavier Duret & Jean-Michel Lavoie

  2. SEREX, Rimouski College Technology Transfer Center, 25-5 Rue Armand Sinclair, G5J 1K3, Amqui, Canada

    Papa Niokhor Diouf

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  1. Thierry Ghislain
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  2. Xavier Duret
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  3. Papa Niokhor Diouf
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  4. Jean-Michel Lavoie
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  1. RAPSODEE CNRS, UMR-5302, Université de Toulouse, IMT Mines Albi, Albi Cedex, 09, France

    Ange Nzihou

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Ghislain, T., Duret, X., Diouf, P.N., Lavoie, JM. (2020). Lignocellulosic Biomass. In: Nzihou, A. (eds) Handbook on Characterization of Biomass, Biowaste and Related By-products. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35020-8_3

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