Abstract
Ground-borne vibrations are known to be used for a range of different purposes among mammals, but the sensory mechanisms used in their detection often remain unclear. Potential somatosensory receptors for low-frequency seismic cues include Pacinian and Meissner’s corpuscles, while some species such as golden moles are believed to be adapted towards bone-conducted hearing. This chapter outlines the basic physiology underlying vibratory detection by these various means, and considers species in which particular mechanisms are likely to be prominent. Both the somatosensory and the auditory systems have been implicated in the vibratory sensitivity of elephants and spalacid mole rats, which are examined in detail as case studies. It may prove to be the case that interactions between these two modalities at a central level render any clear distinction impossible.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Adrian ED, Umrath K (1929) The impulse discharge from the Pacinian corpuscle. J Physiol 68:139–154
Bárány E (1938) A contribution to the physiology of bone conduction. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl 26:1–233
Bell J, Bolanowski S, Holmes MH (1994) The structure and function of Pacinian corpuscles: a review. Prog Neurobiol 42:79–128
Bishop AM, Denton P, Pomeroy P, Twiss S (2015) Good vibrations by the beach boys: magnitude of substrate vibrations is a reliable indicator of male grey seal size. Anim Behav 100:74–82
Bizley JK, Jones GP, Town SM (2016) Where are multisensory signals combined for perceptual decision-making? Curr Opin Neurobiol 40:31–37
Bojsen-Moller F, Flagstad KE (1976) Plantar aponeurosis and internal architecture of the ball of the foot. J Anat 121:599–611
Bolanowski SJ, Pawson L (2003) Organization of Meissner corpuscles in the glabrous skin of monkey and cat. Somatosens Mot Res 20:223–231
Bolanowski SJ, Zwislocki JJ (1984) Intensity and frequency characteristics of Pacinian corpuscles. I. Action potentials. J Neurophysiol 51:793–811
Bolanowski SJ, Gescheider GA, Verrillo RT, Checkosky CM (1988) Four channels mediate the mechanical aspects of touch. J Acoust Soc Am 84:1680–1694
Bouley DM, Alarcón CN, Hildebrandt T, O'Connell-Rodwell CE (2007) The distribution, density and three-dimensional histomorphology of Pacinian corpuscles in the foot of the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) and their potential role in seismic communication. J Anat 211:428–435
Brantberg K, Falahat B, Kalthoff DC (2015) Do extant elephants have superior canal dehiscence syndrome? Acta Otolaryngol 135:1259–1263
Brenowitz GL (1980) Cutaneous mechanoreceptor distribution and its relationship to behavioral specializations in squirrels. Brain Behav Evol 17:432–453
Brisben AJ, Hsiao SS, Johnson KO (1999) Detection of vibration transmitted through an object grasped in the hand. J Neurophysiol 81:1548–1558
Brownell PH (1977) Compressional and surface waves in sand used by desert scorpions to locate prey. Science 197:479–482
Budinger E, Heil P, Hess A, Scheich H (2006) Multisensory processing via early cortical stages: connections of the primary auditory cortical field with other sensory systems. Neuroscience 143:1065–1083
Buskirk RE, Frohlich C, Latham GV (1981) Unusual animal behavior before earthquakes: a review of possible sensory mechanisms. Rev Geophys Space Phys 19:247–270
Caetano G, Jousmäki V (2006) Evidence of vibrotactile input to human auditory cortex. NeuroImage 29:15–28
Campi KL, Bales KL, Grunewald R, Krubitzer L (2010) Connections of auditory and visual cortex in the prairie vole (Microtus ochrogaster): evidence for multisensory processing in primary sensory areas. Cereb Cortex 20:89–108
Catania KC (1995) Structure and innervation of the sensory organs on the snout of the star-nosed mole. J Comp Neurol 351:536–548
Catania KC (1996) Ultrastructure of the Eimer’s organ of the star-nosed mole. J Comp Neurol 65:343–354
Catania KC (2000) Epidermal sensory organs of moles, shrew-moles, and desmans: a study of the family Talpidae with comments on the function and evolution of Eimer’s organ. Brain Behav Evol 56:146–174
Catania KC, Kaas JH (1996) The unusual nose and brain of the star-nosed mole. Bioscience 46:578–586
Catania KC, Kaas JH (1997) Somatosensory fovea in the star-nosed mole: behavioural use of the star in relation to innervation patterns and cortical representation. J Comp Neurol 387:215–233
Catania KC, Remple MS (2002) Somatosensory cortex dominated by the representation of teeth in the naked mole-rat brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99:5692–5697
Catania KC, Remple FE (2005) Asymptotic prey profitability drives star-nosed moles to the foraging speed limit. Nature 433:519–522
Cauna N (1956) Nerve supply and nerve endings in Meissner’s corpuscles. Am J Anat 99:315–350
Cauna N, Mannan G (1959) Development and postnatal changes of digital Pacinian corpuscles (corpuscula lamellosa) in the human hand. J Anat 93:271–286
Curthoys IS (2017) The new vestibular stimuli: sound and vibration-anatomical, physiological and clinical evidence. Exp Brain Res 235:957–972
Curthoys IS, Grant JW (2015) How does high-frequency sound or vibration activate vestibular receptors? Exp Brain Res 233:691–699
Curthoys IS, Vulovic V, Burgess AM, Sokolic L, Goonetilleke SC (2016) The response of guinea pig primary utricular and saccular irregular neurons to bone-conducted vibration (BCV) and air-conducted sound (ACS). Hear Res 331:131–143
Dong WK, Shiwaku T, Kawakami Y, Chudler EH (1993) Static and dynamic responses of periodontal ligament mechanoreceptors and intradental mechanoreceptors. J Neurophysiol 69:1567–1582
Ekdale EG (2013) Comparative anatomy of the bony labyrinth (inner ear) of placental mammals. PLoS One 8:e66624
Fielden LJ, Hickman GC, Perrin MR (1992) Locomotory activity in the Namib Desert golden mole Eremitalpa granti namibensis (Chrysochloridae). J Zool 226:329–344
Fleischer G (1973) Studien am Skelett des Gehörorgans der Säugetiere, einschließlich des Menschen. Säugetierkundliche Mitteilungen 21:131–239
García-Suárez O, Calavia MG, Pérez-Moltó FJ, Alvarez-Abad C, Pérez-Piñera P, Cobo JM, Vega J (2010) Immunohistochemical profile of human pancreatic Pacinian corpuscles. Pancreas 39:403–410
Garstang M, Davis RE, Leggett K, Frauenfeld OW, Greco S, Zipser E, Peterson M (2014) Response of African elephants (Loxodonta africana) to seasonal changes in rainfall. PLoS One 9:e108736
Gasc JP, Jouffroy FK, Renous S, von Blottnitz F (1986) Morphofunctional study of the digging system of the Namib Desert golden mole (Eremitalpa granti namibensis): cinefluorographical and anatomical analysis. J Zool 208:9–35
Giannoni SM, Márquez R, Borghi CE (1997) Airborne and substrate-borne communications of Microtus (Terricola) gerbei and M. (T.) duodecimcostatus. Acta Theriol 42:123–141
Gray AA (1906) Observations on the labyrinth of certain animals. Proc R Soc Lond B 78:284–296
Gray AA (1908) The labyrinth of animals, vol II. J. & A. Churchill, London
Gray JAB, Matthews PBC (1951) Response of Pacinian corpuscles in the cat’s toe. J Physiol 113:475–482
Gregory JE, McIntyre AK, Proske U (1986) Vibration-evoked responses from lamellated corpuscles in the legs of kangaroos. Exp Brain Res 62:648–653
Guignard JC (1971) Human sensitivity to vibration. J Sound Vib 15:11–16
Håkansson B, Brandt A, Carlsson P, Tjellström A (1994) Resonance frequencies of the human skull in vivo. J Acoust Soc Am 95:1474–1481
Heffner RS, Heffner HE (1980) Hearing in the elephant (Elephas maximus). Science 208:518–520
Heffner RS, Heffner HE (1982) Hearing in the elephant (Elephas maximus): absolute sensitivity, frequency discrimination, and sound localization. J Comp Physiol Psych 96:926–944
Heffner RS, Heffner HE (1992) Hearing and sound localization in blind mole rats (Spalax ehrenbergi). Hear Res 62:206–216
Heth G (1989) Burrow patterns of the mole rat Spalax ehrenbergi in two soil types (terra-rossa and rendzina) in Mount Carmel, Israel. J Zool 217:39–56
Heth G, Frankenberg E, Raz A, Nevo E (1987) Vibrational communication in subterranean mole rats (Spalax ehrenbergi). Behav Ecol Sociobiol 21:31–33
Heth G, Frankenberg E, Pratt H, Nevo E (1991) Seismic communication in the blind subterranean mole-rat: patterns of head thumping and of their detection in the Spalax ehrenbergi superspecies in Israel. J Zool 224:633–638
Hoffmann JN, Montag AG, Dominy NJ (2004) Meissner corpuscles and somatosensory acuity: the prehensile appendages of primates and elephants. Anat Record A 281:1138–1147
Homma K, Du Y, Shimizu Y, Puria S (2009) Ossicular resonance modes of the human middle ear for bone and air conduction. J Acoust Soc Am 125:968–979
Hrouzková E, Dvořáková V, Jedlička P, Šumbera R (2013) Seismic communication in demon African mole rat Tachyoryctes daemon from Tanzania. J Ethol 31:255–259
Hunt CC (1961) On the nature of vibration receptors in the hind limb of the cat. J Physiol 155:175–186
Hyrtl J (1845) Vergleichend-anatomische Untersuchungen über das innere Gehörorgan des Menschen und der Säugethiere. Verlag von Friedrich Ehrlich, Prague
Iggo A, Andres KH (1982) Morphology of cutaneous receptors. Annu Rev Neurosci 5:1–31
Jahss MH, Michelson JD, Desai P, Kaye R, Kummer F, Buschman W, Watkins F, Reich S (1992) Investigations into the fat pads of the sole of the foot: anatomy and histology. Foot Ankle 13:233–242
Johnson KO (2001) The roles and functions of cutaneous mechanoreceptors. Curr Opin Neurobiol 11:455–461
Kato K, Tahara H, Oda T (1994) Pacinian corpuscles in the digits of the house musk shrew (Suncus murinus). Bulletin of the School of Allied Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University 7:21–27
Ketten DR, Arruda J, Cramer S, Yamato M (2016) Great ears: low-frequency sensitivity correlates in land and marine leviathans. Adv Exp Med Biol 875:529–538
Kimchi T, Terkel J (2003a) Detours by the blind mole-rat follow assessment of location and physical properties of underground obstacles. Anim Behav 66:885–891
Kimchi T, Terkel J (2003b) Mole rats (Spalax ehrenbergi) select bypass burrowing strategies in accordance with obstacle size. Naturwissenschaften 90:36–39
Kimchi T, Reshef M, Terkel J (2005) Evidence for the use of reflected self-generated seismic waves for spatial orientation in a blind subterranean mammal. J Exp Biol 208:647–659
Kirschvink JL (2000) Earthquake prediction by animals: evolution and sensory perception. B Seismo Soc Am 90:312–323
Klauer G, Burda H, Nevo E (1997) Adaptive differentiations of the skin of the head in a subterranean rodent, Spalax ehrenbergi. J Morphol 2(33):53–66
Koyama H, Lewis ER, Leverenz EL, Baird RA (1982) Acute seismic sensitivity in the bullfrog ear. Brain Res 250:168–172
Kumamoto K, Senuma H, Ebara S, Matsuura T (1993a) Distribution of Pacinian corpuscles in the hand of the monkey, Macaca fuscata. J Anat 183:149–154
Kumamoto K, Takei M, Kinoshita M, Ebara S, Matsuura T (1993b) Distribution of Pacinian corpuscles in the cat forefoot. J Anat 182:23–28
Lewis ER (1984) Inertial motion sensors. In: Bolis L, Keynes RD, Maddrell SHP (eds) Comparative physiology of sensory systems. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 587–610
Lewis ER, Narins PM (1985) Do frogs communicate with seismic signals? Science 227:187–189
Lewis ER, Narins PM, Jarvis JUM, Bronner G, Mason MJ (2006) Preliminary evidence for the use of microseismic cues for navigation by the Namib golden mole. J Acoust Soc Am 119:1260–1268
Li J-G, Wang T-Z, He J-P, Min Y-J (2001) Seismic communication in subterranean Gansu zokor (Myospalax cansus). Acta Theriol Sinica 21:153–154
Loewenstein WR, Skalak R (1966) Mechanical transmission in a Pacinian corpuscle. An analysis and a theory. J Physiol 182:346–378
Lombard RE, Hetherington TE (1993) Structural basis of hearing and sound transmission. In: Hanken J, Hall BK (eds) The skull, vol 3. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp 241–302
Loo SK, Halata Z (1985) The sensory innervation of the nasal glabrous skin in the short-nosed bandicoot (Isoodon macrourus) and the opossum (Didelphis virginiana). J Anat 143:167–180
Mahns DA, Perkins NM, Sahai V, Robinson L, Rowe MJ (2006) Vibrotactile frequency discrimination in human hairy skin. J Neurophysiol 95:1442–1450
Marasco PD, Catania KC (2007) Response properties of primary afferents supplying Eimer’s organ. J Exp Biol 210:765–780
Mason MJ (2001) Middle ear structures in fossorial mammals: a comparison with non-fossorial species. J Zool 255:467–486
Mason MJ (2003a) Bone conduction and seismic sensitivity in golden moles (Chrysochloridae). J Zool 260:405–413
Mason MJ (2003b) Morphology of the middle ear of golden moles (Chrysochloridae). J Zool 260:391–403
Mason MJ (2006) Evolution of the middle ear apparatus in talpid moles. J Morphol 267:678–695
Mason MJ, Farr MRB (2013) Flexibility within the middle ears of vertebrates. J Laryngol Otol 127:2–14
Mason MJ, Narins PM (2001) Seismic signal use by fossorial mammals. Am Zool 41:1171–1184
Mason MJ, Narins PM (2010) Seismic sensitivity and communication in subterranean mammals. In: O’Connell-Rodwell CE (ed) The use of vibrations in communication: properties, mechanisms and function across taxa. Research Signpost, Kerala, pp 121–139
Mason MJ, Lucas SJ, Wise ER, Stein RS, Duer MJ (2006) Ossicular density in golden moles (Chrysochloridae). J Comp Physiol A 192:1349–1357
Mason MJ, Lai FWS, Li J-G, Nevo E (2010) Middle ear structure and bone conduction in Spalax, Eospalax and Tachyoryctes mole-rats (Rodentia: Spalacidae). J Morphol 271:462–472
Mason MJ, Bennett NC, Pickford M (2018) The middle and inner ears of the Palaeogene golden mole Namachloris: a comparison with extant species. J Morphol 279:375–395
McIntyre AK (1962) Cortical projection of impulses in the interosseous nerve of the cat’s hind limb. J Physiol 163:46–60
Merzenich MM, Harrington T (1969) The sense of flutter-vibration evoked by stimulation of the hairy skin of primates: comparison of human sensory capacity with the responses of mechanoreceptive afferents innervating the hairy skin of monkeys. Exp Brain Res 9:236–260
Moller H, Pedersen CS (2004) Hearing at low and infrasonic frequencies. Noise Health 6:37–57
Mountcastle VB, Steinmetz MA, Romo R (1990) Frequency discrimination in the sense of flutter: psychophysical measurements correlated with postcentral events in behaving monkeys. J Neurosci 10:3032–3044
Munger BL, Ide C (1988) The structure and function of cutaneous sensory receptors. Arch Histol Cytol 51:1–34
Narins PM, Lewis ER (1984) The vertebrate ear as an exquisite seismic sensor. J Acoust Soc Am 76:1384–1387
Narins PM, Reichman OJ, Jarvis JUM, Lewis ER (1992) Seismic signal transmission between burrows of the Cape mole-rat, Georychus capensis. J Comp Physiol A 170:13–21
Narins PM, Lewis ER, Jarvis JUM, O’Riain J (1997) The use of seismic signals by fossorial southern African mammals: a neuroethological gold mine. Brain Res Bull 44:641–646
Narins PM, Stoeger AS, O’Connell-Rodwell C (2016) Infrasound and seismic communication in the vertebrates with special emphasis on the Afrotheria: an update and future directions. In: Suthers RA, Fitch WT, Fay RR, Popper AN (eds) Vertebrate sound production and acoustic communication. Springer, Heidelberg, pp 191–227
Nevo E, Heth G, Pratt H (1991) Seismic communication in a blind subterranean mammal: A major somatosensory mechanism in adaptive evolution underground. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 88:1256–1260
Nummela S (1995) Scaling of the mammalian middle ear. Hear Res 85:18–30
O’Connell C, Hart LA, Arnason BT (1999) Comments on “Elephant hearing” [J Acoust Soc Am 104:1122–1123 (1998)]. J Acoust Soc Am 105:2051–2052
O’Connell-Rodwell CE (2007) Keeping an “ear” to the ground: seismic communication in elephants. Physiology (Bethesda) 22:287–294
O’Connell-Rodwell CE, Arnason BT, Hart LA (2000) Seismic properties of Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) vocalizations and locomotion. J Acoust Soc Am 108:3066–3072
O’Connell-Rodwell CE, Hart LA, Arnason BT (2001) Exploring the potential use of seismic waves as a communication channel by elephants and other large mammals. Am Zool 41:1157–1170
O’Connell-Rodwell CE, Wood JD, Rodwell TC, Puria S, Partan SR, Keefe R, Shriver D, Arnason BT, Hart LA (2006) Wild elephant (Loxodonta africana) breeding herds respond to artificially transmitted seismic stimuli. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 59:842–850
O’Connell-Rodwell CE, Wood JD, Kinzley C, Rodwell TC, Poole JH, Puria S (2007) Wild African elephants (Loxodonta africana) discriminate between familiar and unfamiliar conspecific seismic alarm calls. J Acoust Soc Am 122:823–830
Pawson L, Checkosky CM, Pack AK, Bolanowski SJ (2008) Mesenteric and tactile Pacinian corpuscles are anatomically and physiologically comparable. Somatosens Mot Res 25:194–206
Phillips JR, Johansson RS, Johnson KO (1990) Representation of braille characters in human nerve fibres. Exp Brain Res 81:589–592
Proske U (2006) Kinesthesia: the role of muscle receptors. Muscle Nerve 34:545–558
Proske U, Gregory JE, Iggo A (1998) Sensory receptors in monotremes. Philos T R Soc Lond B 353:1187–1198
Quindlen JC, Lai VK, Barocas VH (2015) Multiscale mechanical model of the Pacinian corpuscle shows depth and anisotropy contribute to the receptor’s characteristic response to indentation. PLoS Comput Biol 11:e1004370
Quindlen JC, Stolarski HK, Johnson MD, Barocas VH (2016) A multiphysics model of the Pacinian corpuscle. Integr Biol 8:1111–1125
Rado R, Levi N, Hauser H, Witcher J, Alder N, Intrator N, Wollberg Z, Terkel J (1987) Seismic signalling as a means of communication in a subterranean mammal. Anim Behav 35:1249–1251
Rado R, Himelfarb M, Arensburg B, Terkel J, Wolberg Z (1989) Are seismic communication signals transmitted by bone conduction in the blind mole rat? Hear Res 41:23–30
Rado R, Terkel J, Wollberg Z (1998) Seismic communication signals in the blind mole-rat (Spalax ehrenbergi): electrophysiological and behavioral evidence for their processing by the auditory system. J Comp Physiol A 183:503–511
Randall JA (2010) Drummers and stompers: vibrational communication in mammals. In: O’Connell-Rodwell CE (ed) The use of vibrations in communication: properties, mechanisms and function across taxa. Research Signpost, Kerala, pp 99–120
Randall JA, Lewis ER (1997) Seismic communication between burrows of kangaroo rats, Dipodomys spectabilis. J Comp Physiol A 181:525–531
Randall JA, Matocq MD (1997) Why do kangaroo rats (Dipodomys spectabilis) footdrum at snakes? Behav Ecol 8:404–413
Rasmussen LEL, Munger BL (1996) The sensorineural specializations of the trunk tip (finger) of the Asian elephant, Elephas maximus. Anat Rec 246:127–134
Reinfeldt S, Håkansson B, Taghavi H, Eeg-Olofsson M (2015) New developments in bone-conduction hearing implants: a review. Med Devices (Auckland, NZ) 8:79–93
Reuter T, Nummela S, Hemilä S (1998) Elephant hearing. J Acoust Soc Am 104:1122–1123
Rice FL, Munger BL (1986) A comparative light microscopic analysis of the sensory innervation of the mystacial pad. II. The common fur between the vibrissae. J Comp Neurol 252:186–205
Rice FL, Rasmusson DD (2000) Innervation of the digit on the forepaw of the raccoon. J Comp Neurol 417:467–490
Rice FL, Mance A, Munger BL (1986) A comparative light microscopic analysis of the sensory innervation of the mystacial pad. I. Innervation of vibrissal follicle-sinus complexes. J Comp Neurol 252:154–174
Ro T, Hsu J, Yasar NE, Elmore LC, Beauchamp MS (2009) Sound enhances touch perception. Exp Brain Res 195:135–143
Roberts WH (1959) Lamellated corpuscles (Pacinian) in relation to the larger human limb vessels and a comparative study of their distribution in the mesentery. Anat Rec 133:593–603
Robertson LT, Levy JH, Petrisor D, Lilly DJ, Dong WK (2003) Vibration perception thresholds of human maxillary and mandibular central incisors. Arch Oral Biol 48:309–316
Roset-Llobet J, Domenech-Mateu JM (1991) Uncommon number and distribution of the Pacinian corpuscles in a human hand. J Hand Surg 16:89–91
Rowe MJ, Tracey DJ, Mahns DA, Sahai V, Ivanusic JJ (2005) Mechanosensory perception: are there contributions from bone-associated receptors? Clin Exp Pharmacol P 32:100–108
Roy C, Lagarde J, Dotov D, Dalla Bella S (2017) Walking to a multisensory beat. Brain Cogn 113:172–183
Sanyal S, Jansen HG, de Grip WJ, Nevo E, de Jong WW (1990) The eye of the blind mole rat, Spalax ehrenbergi. Rudiment with hidden function? Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 31:1398–1404
Sato M (1961) Response of Pacinian corpuscles to sinusoidal vibration. J Physiol 159:391–409
Sheehan D (1933) The clinical significance of the nerve-endings in the mesentery. Lancet 221:409–413
Shehata R (1972) Pacinian corpuscles in pelvic urogenital organs and outside abdominal lymph glands of the cat. Acta Anat 83:127–138
Shipley C, Stewart BS, Bass J (1992) Seismic communication in northern elephant seals. In: Thomas JA, Kastelein RA, Supin AY (eds) Marine mammal sensory systems. Plenum, New York, pp 553–562
Silverman RT, Munger BL, Halata Z (1986) The sensory innervation of the rat rhinarium. Anat Rec 214:210–225
Šklíba J, Šumbera R, Chitaukali WN (2008) Reactions to disturbances in the context of antipredatory behaviour in a solitary subterranean rodent. J Ethol 26:249–254
Stark B, Carlstedt T, Hallin RG, Risling M (1998) Distribution of human Pacinian corpuscles in the hand. A cadaver study. J Hand Surg 23:370–372
Stenfelt S (2006) Middle ear ossicles motion at hearing thresholds with air conduction and bone conduction stimulation. J Acoust Soc Am 119:2848–2858
Stenfelt S, Goode RL (2005) Bone-conducted sound: physiological and clinical aspects. Otol Neurotol 26:1245–1261
Stenfelt S, Wild T, Hato N, Goode RL (2003) Factors contributing to bone conduction: the outer ear. J Acoust Soc Am 113:902–913
Stroganov SU (1945) Morphological characters of the auditory ossicles of recent Talpidae. J Mammal 26:412–420
Takahashi Y (2011) A study on the contribution of body vibrations to the vibratory sensation induced by high-level, complex low-frequency noise. Noise Health 13:2–8
Takahashi-Iwanaga H, Shimoda H (2003) The three-dimensional microanatomy of Meissner corpuscles in monkey palmar skin. J Neurocytol 32:363–371
Talbot WH, Darian-Smith I, Kornhuber HH, Mountcastle VB (1968) The sense of flutter-vibration: comparison of the human capacity with response patterns of mechanoreceptive afferents from the monkey hand. J Neurophysiol 31:301–334
Tonndorf J (1972) Bone conduction. In: Tobias JV (ed) Foundations of modern auditory theory, vol 2. Academic, London, pp 197–237
Tonndorf J, Greenfield EC, Kaufman RS (1966) Bone conduction studies in experimental animals. V. The occlusion of the external ear canal: its effect upon bone conduction in cats. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl 213:80–104
Trulsson M, Francis ST, Bowtell R, McGlone F (2010) Brain activations in response to vibrotactile tooth stimulation: a psychophysical and fMRI study. J Neurophysiol 104:2257–2265
Tuttle RS, McCleary M (1975) Mesenteric baroreceptors. Am J Phys 229:1514–1519
Verendeev A, Thomas C, McFarlin SC, Hopkins WD, Phillips KA, Sherwood CC (2015) Comparative analysis of Meissner’s corpuscles in the fingertips of primates. J Anat 227:72–80
Vigne GT (1832) Six months in America, vol 2. Whittaker, Treacher, & Co., London
von Gierke HE, Parker DE (1994) Differences in otolith and abdominal viscera graviceptor dynamics: implications for motion sickness and perceived body position. Aviat Space Environ Med 65:747–751
Weissengruber GE, Egger GF, Hutchinson JR, Groenewald HB, Elsässer L, Famini D, Forstenpointner G (2006) The structure of the cushions in the feet of African elephants (Loxodonta africana). J Anat 209:781–792
Wikramanayake E, Fernando P, Leimgruber P (2006) Behavioral response of satellite-collared elephants to the tsunami in Southern Sri Lanka. Biotropica 38:775–777
Willi UB, Bronner GN, Narins PM (2006a) Middle ear dynamics in response to seismic stimuli in the Cape golden mole (Chrysochloris asiatica). J Exp Biol 209:302–313
Willi UB, Bronner GN, Narins PM (2006b) Ossicular differentiation of airborne and seismic stimuli in the Cape golden mole (Chrysochloris asiatica). J Comp Physiol A 192:267–277
Wilson EC, Reed CM, Braida LD (2010) Integration of auditory and vibrotactile stimuli: effects of frequency. J Acoust Soc Am 127:3044–3059
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Mason, M.J., Wenger, L.M.D. (2019). Mechanisms of Vibration Detection in Mammals. In: Hill, P., Lakes-Harlan, R., Mazzoni, V., Narins, P., Virant-Doberlet, M., Wessel, A. (eds) Biotremology: Studying Vibrational Behavior . Animal Signals and Communication, vol 6. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22293-2_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22293-2_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-22292-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-22293-2
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)