Skip to main content

Partners of Incarcerated Men: Questioning Caring Stereotypes

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Palgrave Studies in Prisons and Penology ((PSIPP))

Abstract

In England, families have been described as “a key source of support for prisoners during their time in custody and on their release” (HM Inspectorate of Prisons 2016, 3).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • Acker, Joan, Kate Barry, and Joke Esseveld. 1983. “Objectivity and Truth: Problems in Doing Feminist Research.” Women’s Studies International Forum 6: 423–435.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Allen, Katherine. 2000. “A Conscious and Inclusive Family Studies.” Journal of Marriage and the Family 62: 4–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Allen, Katherine, and Ana Jaramillo-Sierra. 2015. “Feminist Theory and Research on Family Relationships: Pluralism and Complexity.” Sex Roles 73: 93–99.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arditti, Joyce, Jennifer Lambert-Shute, and Karen Joest. 2003. “Saturday Morning at the Jail: Implications of Incarceration for Families and Children.” Family Relations 52(3): 195–204.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Austin, James, John Irwin, and Patricia Hardyman. 2002. “Exploring the Needs and Risks of the Returning Prisoner Population.” https://www.urban.org/sites/default/files/publication/60686/410626-Exploring-the-Needs-and-Risks-of-the-Returning-Prisoner-Population.PDF.

  • Barnett, Rosalind. 2004. “Women and Multiple Roles: Myths and Realities.” Harvard Review of Psychiatry 12: 158–164.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Becker, Gary. 1964. Human Capital. New York: Columbia University Press for the National Bureau of Economic Research.

    Google Scholar 

  • Braman, Donald. 2002. “Families and Incarceration.” In Invisible Punishment: The Collateral Consequences of Mass Imprisonment, edited by Marc Mauer and Meda Chesney-Lind, 117–135. New York: The New Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Braman, Donald. 2004. Doing Time on the Outside: Incarceration and Family Life in Urban America. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Brunton-Smith, Ian, and Daniel McCarthy. 2016. “The Effects of Prisoner Attachment to Family on Re-entry Outcomes: A Longitudinal Assessment.” British Journal of Criminology 57(2): 463–482.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cain, Maureen. 1986. “Realism, Feminism, Methodology, and Law.” International Journal of the Sociology of Law 14: 255–267.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carlson, Bonnie, and Neil Cervera. 1991. “Incarceration, Coping, and Support.” Social Work 36(4): 279–285.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Christian, Johanna. 2005. “Riding the Bus: Barriers to Prison Visitation and Family Management Strategies.” Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice 21(1): 31–48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Christian, Johanna, Jeff Mellow, and Shenique Thomas. 2006. “Social and Economic Implications of Family Connections to Prisoners.” Journal of Criminal Justice 34(4): 443–452.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chui, Wing Hong. 2010. “Pains of Imprisonment: Narratives of the Women Partners and Children of the Incarcerated.” Child and Family Social Work 15(2): 196–205.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Codd, Helen. 2000. “Age Role Changes and Gender Power in Family Relationships: The Experiences of Older Female Partners of Male Prisoners.” Women and Criminal Justice 12(2–3): 63–93.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Codd, Helen. 2002. “The Ties That Bind: Feminist Perspectives on Self-Help Groups for Prisoners’ Partners.” The Howard Journal 41: 334–347.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Comfort, Megan. 2008. Doing Time Together: Love and Family in the Shadow of the Prison. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Condry, Rachel. 2007. Families Shamed: The Consequences of Crime for Relatives of Serious Offenders. Portland, OR: Willan Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Einat, Tomer, Inbal Harel-Aviram, and Sharon Rabinovitz. 2015. “Why Normative Husbands Remain Married to Incarcerated Wives: An Exploratory Study.” International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 59(6): 654–679.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Farrington, David, Geoffrey Barnes, and Sandra Lambert. 1996. “The Concentration of Offending in Families.” Legal and Criminological Psychology 1: 47–63.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fishman, Laura T. 1990. Women at the Wall: A Study of Prisoners’ Wives Doing Time on the Outside. New York: State University of New York Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garey, Anita Ilta, Karen V. Hansen, Rosanna Hertz, and Cameron MacDonald. 2002. “Care and Kinship.” Journal of Family Issues 23: 703–715.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gelsthorpe, Loraine, and Allison Morris. 1988. “Feminism and Criminology in Britain.” British Journal of Criminology 28(2): 93–110.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gilligan, Carol. 1982. In a Different Voice. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldberg, David. 1978. Manual of the General Health Questionnaire. Windsor: NRER.

    Google Scholar 

  • Graham, Hilary. 1983. “Caring: A Labour of Love.” In A Labour of Love: Women, Work, and Caring, edited by Janet Finch and Dulcie Groves, 13–30. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hagan, John, and Ronit Dinovitzer. 1999. “Collateral Consequences of Imprisonment for Children, Communities, and Prisoners.” Crime and Justice 26: 121–162.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hairston, Creasie. 1991. “Family Ties During Imprisonment: Important to Whom and for What?” Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare 18(1): 87–104.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hairston, Creasie. 2001. “Fathers in Prison: Responsible Fatherhood and Responsible Public Policies.” Marriage & Family Review 32(3): 111–135.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hirschi, Travis. 1969. Causes of Delinquency. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • HM Inspectorate of Prisons. 2016. “Life in Prison: Contact with Families and Friends.” http://www.i-hop.org.uk/ci/fattach/get/771/0/filename/Contact-with-families-and-friends-findings-paper-2016.pdf.

  • House of Commons, Home Affairs Committee. 2005. Rehabilitation of Prisoners: First Report of Session 2004–05, Vol. 2.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lanskey, Caroline, Friedrich Lösel, Lucy Markson, and Karen Souza. 2015. “Re-framing the Analysis: A 3-Dimensional Perspective of Prisoners’ Children’s Well-Being.” Children and Society 29(5): 484–494.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lanskey, Caroline, Friedrich Lösel, Lucy Markson, and Karen Souza. In press. “Prisoners’ Families, Penal Power and the Referred Pains of Imprisonment.” In Prisons, Punishment and the Family: Towards a New Sociology of Punishment, edited by Rachel Condry and Peter Scharff-Smith. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lather, Patti. 1991. Getting Smart: Feminist Research and Pedagogy within the Postmodern. New York: Routledge.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, Hedwig, Christopher Wildeman, Emily A. Wang, Niki Matusko, and James S. Jackson. 2014. “A Heavy Burden: The Cardiovascular Health Consequences of Having a Family Member Incarcerated.” American Journal of Public Health 104(3): 421–427.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lösel, Friedrich, and Doris Bender. 2003. “Protective Factors and Resilience.” In Early Prevention of Adult Antisocial Behaviour, edited by David P. Farrington and Jeremy W. Coid, 130–204. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Lösel, Friedrich, Jill Pugh, Lucy Markson, Karen Souza, and Caroline Lanskey. 2012. “Risk and Protective Factors in the Resettlement of Imprisoned Fathers with Their Families.” http://www.crim.cam.ac.uk/research/fathers_in_prison/final_report.pdf.

  • Luthar, Suniya, Dante Cicchetti, and Bronwyn Becker. 2000. “The Construct of Resilience: A Critical Evaluation and Guidelines for Future Work.” Child Development 71(3): 543–562.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • MacRae, Hazel. 1995. “Women and Caring: Constructing Self Through Others.” Journal of Women & Aging 7: 145–167.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Markson, Lucy, Friedrich Lösel, Karen Souza, and Caroline Lanskey. 2015. “Male Prisoners’ Family Relationships and Resilience in Resettlement.” Criminology & Criminal Justice 15(4): 423–441.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • May, Chris, Nalini Sharma, and Duncan Stewart. 2008. “Factors Linked to Reoffending: A One-Year Follow-Up of Prisoners Who Took Part in Resettlement Surveys 2001, 2003 and 2004.” http://www.lemosandcrane.co.uk/dev/resources/Factors%20linked%20to%20reoffending%2008.pdf.

  • Mazza, Carl. 2002. “And the World Fell Apart: The Children of Incarcerated Fathers.” Families in Society 83(5–6): 521–529.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Medjuck, Sheva, Mary O’Brien, and Carol Tozer. 1992. “From Private Responsibility to Public Policy: Women and the Cost of Caregiving to Elderly Kin.” Atlantis 17(2): 44–58.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ministry of Justice. 2016. “Prison Safety and Reform.” https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/565014/cm-9350-prison-safety-and-reform-_web_.pdf.

  • Ministry of Justice. 2017. “The Importance of Strengthening Prisoners’ Family Ties to Prevent Reoffending and Reduce Intergenerational Crime.” https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/642244/farmer-review-report.pdf.

  • Morris, Pauline. 1965. Prisoners and Their Families. London: George Allen and Unwin Ltd.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mowen, Thomas J., and Christy A. Visher. 2015. “Drug Use and Crime After Incarceration: The Role of Family Support and Family Conflict.” Justice Quarterly 32: 337–359.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mowen, Thomas J., and Christy A. Visher. 2016. “Changing the Ties That Bind.” Criminology and Public Policy 15(2): 503–528.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Naser, Rebecca, and Nancy G. La Vigne. 2006. “Family Support in the Prisoner Reentry Process.” Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 43: 93–106.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Office for National Statistics. 2013. “What Percentages of Marriages End in Divorce?” http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20160106011951/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/vsob1/divorces-in-england-and-wales/2011/sty-what-percentage-of-marriages-end-in-divorce.html.

  • Office for National Statistics. 2017. “Marriages in England and Wales: 2014.” https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/marriagecohabitationandcivilpartnerships/bulletins/marriagesinenglandandwalesprovisional/2014.

  • Peters, Kathleen, Debra Jackson, and Trudy Rudge. 2008. “Research on Couples: Are Feminist Approaches Useful?” Journal of Advanced Nursing 62(3): 373–380.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Phillips, Lindsay A., and Mary Lindsay. 2011. “Prison to Society: A Mixed Methods Analysis of Coping with Reentry.” International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 55: 136–154.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Richards, Martin, and Brenda McWilliams. 1996. “Imprisonment and Family Ties.” Home Office Research and Statistics Directorate Research Bulletin 38/1996.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rivard, Elizabeth. 2011. “Hard Time and Hard Love: Issues and Challenges of Visitation for Men of Incarcerated Women.” http://repository.asu.edu/attachments/56405/content/Rivard_asu_0010N_10353.pdf.

  • Ron, Pnina. 2009. “Daughters as Caregivers of Aging Parents: The Shattering Myths.” Journal of Gerontological Social Work 52: 135–153.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sampson, Robert, and John Laub. 2003. “Desistance from Crime Over the Life Course.” In Handbook of the Life Course: Handbooks of Sociology and Social Research, edited by Jeylan T. Mortimer and Michael J. Shanahan, 295–309. Boston, MA: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwartz-Soicher, Ofira, Amanda Geller, and Irwin Garfinkel. 2011. “The Effect of Parental Incarceration on Material Hardship.” Social Services Review 85(3): 447–473.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smart, Carol. 1976. Women, Crime and Criminology: A Feminist Critique. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Solomon, Amy, Kelly Johnson, Jeremy Travis, and Elizabeth McBride. 2004. “From Prison to Work: The Employment Dimensions of Prisoner Reentry.” https://www.urban.org/sites/default/files/publication/58126/411097-From-Prison-to-Work.PDF.

  • Souza, Karen A., Friedrich Lösel, Lucy Markson, and Caroline Lanskey. 2015. “Pre-release Expectations and Post-release Experiences of Prisoners and Their (Ex-)Partners.” Legal and Criminal Psychology 20(2): 306–323.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sugie, Naomi. 2012. “Punishment and Welfare: Paternal Incarceration and Families’ Receipt of Public Assistance.” Social Forces 90(4): 1403–1427.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Travis, Jeremy, Bruce Western, and Steve Redburn. 2014. The Growth of Incarceration in the United States: Exploring Causes and Consequences. Washington, DC: The National Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Visher, Christy. 2013. “Incarcerated Fathers: Pathways from Prison to Home.” Criminal Justice Policy Reviewer 24: 9–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Western, Bruce, Anthony A. Braga, Jaclyn Davis, and Catherine Sirois. 2015. “Stress and Hardship After Prison.” American Journal of Sociology 120: 1512–1547.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wildeman, Christopher, Jason Schnitterker, and Kristin Turney. 2012. “Despair by Association? The Mental Health of Mothers with Children by Recently Incarcerated Fathers.” American Sociological Review 77(2): 216–243.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Williams, Kim, Vea Papadopoulou, and Natalie Booth. 2012. “Prisoners’ Childhood and Family Backgrounds: Results from the Surveying Prisoner Crime Reduction (SPCR) Longitudinal Cohort Study of Prisoners.” www.justice.gov.uk/downloads/publications/research-and-analysis/moj-research/prisoners-childhood-family-background.pdf.

  • Wolcott, Ilene, and Jody Hughes. 1999. “Towards Understanding the Reasons for Divorce.” https://aifs.gov.au/publications/towards-understanding-reasons-divorce/introduction.

  • Wolff, Nancy, and Jeffrey Draine. 2004. “Dynamics of Social Capital of Prisoners and Community Reentry: Ties That Bind?” Journal of Correctional Health Care 10(3): 457–490.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Woolf Report. 1991. “Prison Disturbances April 1990: Report of an Inquiry by the Rt Hon. Lord Justice Woolf (parts I and II) and His Honour Judge Stephen Tumin (Part II), Cm. 1456.” London: HMSO.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wuest, Judith. 2001. “Precarious Ordering: Toward a Formal Theory of Women’s Caring.” Health Care for Women International 22: 167–193.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Karen Souza .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Souza, K., Lanskey, C., Markson, L., Lösel, F. (2019). Partners of Incarcerated Men: Questioning Caring Stereotypes. In: Hutton, M., Moran, D. (eds) The Palgrave Handbook of Prison and the Family . Palgrave Studies in Prisons and Penology. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12744-2_11

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12744-2_11

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-12743-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-12744-2

  • eBook Packages: Law and CriminologyLaw and Criminology (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics