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Studies on Men's Health and Fertility pp 237–254Cite as

Role of Caspase, PARP, and Oxidative Stress in Male Infertility

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Abstract

The etiology and pathogenesis of male infertility remain not well defined. Oxidative stress has been identified as one of the major causes of male infertility. Integrity of the sperm DNA, which could be caused by oxidative stress, also plays an important role in vivo and in vitro male fertility. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is a DNA repair enzyme that has been demonstrated in mature spermatozoa and fertile men. PARP becomes activated in an attempt to repair oxidative DNA strand breaks. Higher levels of cleaved PARP (cPARP) have been reported in infertile men. Caspases play an important role in mediating and upregulating apoptosis. The cleavage of PARP by caspase 3 inactivates PARP in two segments and inhibits the function of PARP as a DNA repair enzyme. Therefore, high levels of cPARP may be considered as a new marker of apoptosis in sperm of infertile men. In this chapter, we define the relationship between caspases, PARP, and oxidative stress and their role in male infertility.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Andrology Laboratory and Reproductive Tissue Bank, The Toronto Institute for Reproductive Medicine, 56 Aberfoyle Crescent, Toronto, ON, Canada, M8X2W4

    Tamer M. Said MD, PhD, HCLD (ABB)

  2. ReproMed, Department of Andrology, 56 Aberfoyle Crescent, Suite 300, Toronto, ON, Canada, M8X2W4

    Fariba Khosravi MSc

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  1. Tamer M. Said MD, PhD, HCLD (ABB)
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Correspondence to Tamer M. Said MD, PhD, HCLD (ABB) .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic, Euclid Avenue 9500, Cleveland, 44195, Ohio, USA

    Ashok Agarwal

  2. Faculty of Science and IT, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive 1, Callaghan, 2308, New South Wales, Australia

    R. John Aitken

  3. , Department of Male Infertility, Centro Androgen, C/FERNANDO MACIAS 8, 1ºC, La Coruña, 15004, La Coruña, Spain

    Juan G. Alvarez

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Said, T.M., Khosravi, F. (2012). Role of Caspase, PARP, and Oxidative Stress in Male Infertility. In: Agarwal, A., Aitken, R., Alvarez, J. (eds) Studies on Men's Health and Fertility. Oxidative Stress in Applied Basic Research and Clinical Practice. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-776-7_12

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