Abstract
Vibrational spectroscopies (VS), INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY and RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY, are well-established techniques for exploring the chemical composition of samples. VS are based on the molecular vibrations and give a spectral signature also called “molecular fingerprint” characteristic of the studied material. Recent advances in these techniques have rendered them faster, more sensitive, and easier to use. This chapter describes their application to characterize the main glycosaminoglycans—without any sample destruction or degradation. Nowadays, the use of multivariate statistical analysis for analyzing spectral data allows to extract rapidly the discriminant spectral information from large data sets. The combination of VS and this type of data analysis is also discussed in this chapter.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Parker, F.S. (1983) Applications of infrared, Raman, and resonance Raman spectroscopy in biochemistry. Springer, Heidelberg, Germany.
Carrabba, M.M., Spencer, K.M., Rich, C., and Rauh, D. (1990) The utilization of a holographic Bragg diffraction filter for Rayleigh line rejection in Raman spectroscopy. Appl Spectrosc. 44, 1558–1561.
Ward, J.H. (1963) Hierarchical grouping to optimize an objective function. J Am Stat Assoc. 58, 236–244.
Pearson, K. (1901) On lines and planes of closest fit to systems of points in space. Philos Mag, 2, 559–572.
Orr, S.F.D. (1954) Infra-red spectroscopic studies of some polysaccharides. Biochim Biophys Acta. 14, 173–181.
Bansil, R., Yannas, I., and Stanley, H. (1978) Raman spectroscopy: a structural probe of glycosaminoglycans. Biochim Biophys Acta. 541, 535–542.
Gilli, R., Kacuráková, M., Mathlouthi, M., Navarini, L., and Paoletti, S. (1994) FTIR studies of sodium hyaluronate and its oligomers in the amorphous solid phase and in aqueous solution. Carbohydr Res. 263, 315–326.
Servaty, R., Schiller, J., Binder, H., and Arnold, K. (2001) Hydration of polymeric components of cartilage--an infrared spectroscopic study on hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate. Int J Biol Macromol. 28, 121–127.
Haxaire, K., Maréchal, Y., Milas, M., and Rinaudo, M. (2003) Hydration of polysaccharide hyaluronan observed by IR spectrometry. I. Preliminary experiments and peak assignments. Biopolymers. 72, 10–20.
Garnjanagoonchorn, W., Wongekalak, L., and Engkagul, A. (2007) Determination of chondroitin sulfate from different sources of cartilage. Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification. 46, 465–471.
Bychkov, S., Bogatov, V., and Kuz’mina, S. (1981) Comparative study of the IR-spectra of glycosaminoglycans and their monomers. Biull Eksp Biol Med. 91, 442–445.
Longas, M., and Breitweiser, K. (1991) Sulfate composition of glycosaminoglycans determined by infrared spectroscopy. Anal Biochem. 192, 193–196.
Grant, D., Long, W., Moffat, C., and Williamson, F. (1991) Infrared spectroscopy of heparins suggests that the region 750-950 cm-1 is sensitive to changes in iduronate residue ring conformation. Biochem J. 275, 193–197.
Grant, D., Long, W., Moffat, C., and Williamson, F. (1990) Infrared spectroscopy as a method for investigating the conformations of iduronate saccharide residues in glycosaminoglycans. Biochem Soc Trans. 18, 1277–1279.
Ellis, R., Green, E., and Winlove, C. (2009) Structural analysis of glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans by means of Raman microspectrometry. Connect Tissue Res. 50, 29–36.
Longas, M., Russell, C., and He, X. (1986) Chemical alterations of hyaluronic acid and dermatan sulfate detected in aging human skin by infrared spectroscopy. Biochim Biophys Acta. 884, 265–269.
Longas, M., Russell, C., and He, X. (1987) Evidence for structural changes in dermatan sulfate and hyaluronic acid with aging. Carbohydr Res. 159, 127–136.
Foot, M., and Mulholland, M. (2005) Classification of chondroitin sulfate A, chondroitin sulfate C, glucosamine hydrochloride and glucosamine 6 sulfate using chemometric techniques. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 38, 397–407.
Mainreck, N., Brezillon, S., Sockalingum, G. D., Maquart, F. X., Manfait, M., and Wegrowski, Y. (2011) Rapid characterization of glycosaminoglycans using a combined approach by infrared and Raman microspectroscopies. J Pharm Sc. 100, 441–450 .
Savitzky, A. and Golay, M.J.E. (1964) Smoothing and differentiation of data by simplified least squares procedures. Anal Chem. 36, 1627–1639.
Acknowledgments
The authors’ study received the financial support of the Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer (Comité de la Marne), the Fonds européen de développement régional (FEDER), and the Région Champagne-Ardenne (CPER 2007–2013).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Mainreck, N., Brézillon, S., Sockalingum, G.D., Maquart, FX., Manfait, M., Wegrowski, Y. (2012). Characterization of Glycosaminoglycans by Tandem Vibrational Microspectroscopy and Multivariate Data Analysis. In: Rédini, F. (eds) Proteoglycans. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 836. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-498-8_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-498-8_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana Press
Print ISBN: 978-1-61779-497-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-61779-498-8
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols