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Dynamic Imaging of Brain Function

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Dynamic Brain Imaging

Part of the book series: METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY™ ((MIMB,volume 489))

Abstract

In recent years, there have been unprecedented methodological advances in the dynamic imaging of brain activities. Electrophysiological, optical, and magnetic resonance methods now allow mapping of functional activation (or deactivation) by measurement of neural activity (e.g., membrane potential, ion flux, neurotransmitter flux), energy metabolism (e.g., glucose consumption, oxygen consumption, creatine kinase flux), and functional hyperemia (e.g., blood oxygenation, blood flow, blood volume). Properties of the glutamatergic synapse are used to model activities at the nerve terminal and their associated changes in energy demand and blood flow. This approach reveals that each method measures different tissue- and/or cell-specific components with characteristic spatiotemporal resolution. While advantages and disadvantages of different methods are apparent and often used to supersede one another in terms of specificity and/or sensitivity, no particular technique is the optimal dynamic brain imaging method because each method is unique in some respect. Since the demand for energy substrates is a fundamental requirement for function, energy-based methods may allow quantitative dynamic imaging in vivo. However, there are exclusive neurobiological insights gained by combining some of these different dynamic imaging techniques.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported, in part, by NIH grants from NIMH (R01 MH-067528), NIDCD (R01 DC-003710), and NINDS (P30 NS-52519).

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  1. Departments of Diagnostic Radiology and Biomedical Engineering, Program in Quantitative Neuroscience with Magnetic Resonance, Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT

    Fahmeed Hyder

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  1. Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA

    Fahmeed Hyder

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Hyder, F. (2009). Dynamic Imaging of Brain Function. In: Hyder, F. (eds) Dynamic Brain Imaging. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY™, vol 489. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-543-5_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-543-5_1

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