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Nanotoxicity pp 301–312Cite as

Evaluation of Genotoxicity of Nanoparticles in Mouse Models

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Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1894))

Abstract

Owing to new and unique properties, engineered nanoparticles (NPs) likely pose different risks than their constituent chemicals and these risks need to be understood. In particular, it is important to assess genotoxicity, since genotoxicity is a precursor to carcinogenicity. Here we describe a battery of tests for the assessment of genotoxicity of NPs in vivo in mice. Mice can be exposed to NPs for various exposure durations and by any route of exposure, provided NPs are absorbed into the systemic blood circulation. The testing battery measures three well-established markers of DNA damage: oxidative DNA damage, double strand breaks (DSBs) and chromosomal damage. These markers are measured in peripheral blood cells by microscopic techniques. 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2-deoxyguanine (8-oxoG), indicative of oxidative DNA damage, and phosphorylated histone 2AX (γ-H2AX) foci, indicative of DSBs, are determined in white blood cells by immunofluorescence. Micronuclei, indicative of chromosomal damage, are examined in erythrocytes on Giemsa-stained peripheral blood smears. This testing battery can be easily integrated in general toxicology studies or studies examining carcinogenic potential of NPs.

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Acknowledgment

This work was supported by NIEHS grant ESO24123 and the Dominic Ferraioli Foundation, both received by RR.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cancer Research Center, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, USA

    Sameera Nallanthighal & Ramune Reliene

  2. Department of Biomedical Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA

    Sameera Nallanthighal

  3. Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA

    Ramune Reliene

Authors
  1. Sameera Nallanthighal
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  2. Ramune Reliene
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ramune Reliene .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA

    Qunwei Zhang

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Nallanthighal, S., Reliene, R. (2019). Evaluation of Genotoxicity of Nanoparticles in Mouse Models. In: Zhang, Q. (eds) Nanotoxicity. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1894. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8916-4_17

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8916-4_17

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  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-8915-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-8916-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

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