Skip to main content

Growth Rate Normalization Method to Assess Gravitropic Root Growth

  • Protocol
  • First Online:
Root Development

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1761))

Abstract

Time-lapse imaging of roots is highly suitable for depicting gravitropic growth behaviors. However, roots may show faster or slower bending kinetics when compared to control as a result of differences in overall root growth. Accordingly, conditions that cause differential organ growth require growth rate normalization to compare gravitropic curvature. Here, we describe a simple normalization method for gravitropic root growth evaluation. We exemplify this method by exposing seedlings to distinct environmental conditions or disturbing the cellular auxin contents. This data shows that the method is suitable to discriminate between gravitropic and overall organ growth defects.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Protocol
USD 49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Knight TA (1806) On the direction of the radicle and germen during the vegetation of seeds. Philos Trans R Soc Lond 96:99–108

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Darwin C, Darwin F (1880) The power of movements in plants. Murray, London

    Book  Google Scholar 

  3. Wolverton C (2015) Quantification of root gravitropic response using a constant stimulus feedback system. Methods Mol Biol 1309:23–30

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Miller ND, Parks BM, Spalding EP (2007) Computer-vision analysis of seedling responses to light and gravity. Plant J 52(2):374–381

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Russino A, Ascrizzi A, Popova L (2013) A novel tracking tool for the analysis of plant-root tip movements. Bioinspir Biomim 8(2):025004

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. French A, Ubeda-Tomas S, Holman TJ et al (2009) High-throughput quantification of root growth using a novel image-analysis tool. Plant Physiol 150(4):1784–1795

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  7. Basu PA, Pal A, Lynch JP et al (2007) A novel image-analysis technique for kinematic study of growth and curvature. Plant Physiol 145(2):305–316

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Qi X, Qi J, Wu Y (2007) RootLM: a simple color image analysis program for length measurement of primary roots in Arabidopsis. Plant Root 1:10–16

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Ishikawa H, Evans M (1997) Novel software for analysis of root gravitropism: comparative response patterns of Arabidopsis wild-type and axr1 seedlings. Plant Cell Environ 20(7):919–928

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Zhu Q, Zadnikova P, Smet D et al (2017) Real-time analysis of the apical hook development. Methods Mol Biol 1497:1–8

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Béziat C, Barbez E, Feraru MI et al (2017) Light triggers PILS-dependent reduction in nuclear auxin signalling for growth transition. Nat Plants 3:17105

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  12. Band LR, Wells DM, Larrieu A et al (2012) Root gravitropism is regulated by a transient lateral auxin gradient controlled by a tipping-point mechanism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 109(12):4668–4673

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Vienna Science and Technology Fund (WWTF) (Vienna Research Group project to J.K.-V.), Austrian Science Fund (FWF) (Projects: P29754 to J.K.-V. and T-728-B16 to E.F.), and the European Research Council (ERC) (Starting Grant 639478-AuxinER to J.K-V.).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jürgen Kleine-Vehn .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this protocol

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this protocol

Schöller, M., Sarkel, E., Kleine-Vehn, J., Feraru, E. (2018). Growth Rate Normalization Method to Assess Gravitropic Root Growth. In: Ristova, D., Barbez, E. (eds) Root Development. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1761. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7747-5_15

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7747-5_15

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-7746-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-7747-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics