Abstract
Respiration traits allow calculating temperature-dependent carbon use efficiency and prediction of growth rates. This protocol aims (1) to enable validation of respiration traits as non-DNA biomarkers for breeding on robust plants in support of sustainable and healthy plant production; (2) to provide an efficient, novel way to identify and predict functionality of DNA-based markers (genes, polymorphisms, edited genes, transgenes, genomes, and hologenomes), and (3) to directly help farmers select robust material appropriate for a specified region. The protocol is based on applying isothermal calorespirometry and consists of four steps: plant tissue preparation, calorespirometry measurements, data processing, and final validation through massive field-based data.
The methodology can serve selection and improvement for a wide range of crops. Several of them are currently being tested in the author’s lab. Among them are important cereals, such as wheat, barley, and rye, and diverse vegetables. However, it is critical that the protocol for measuring respiration traits be well adjusted to the plant species by considering deep knowledge on the specific physiology and functional cell biology behind the final target trait for production. Here, Daucus carota L. is chosen as an advanced example to demonstrate critical species-specific steps for protocol development. Carrot is an important global vegetable that is grown worldwide and in all climate regions (moderate, subtropical, and tropical). Recently, this species is also used in my lab as a model for studies on alternative oxidase (AOX) gene diversity and evolutionary dynamics in interaction with endophytes.
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Acknowledgments
At first, the author wishes to thank Jagadis Gupta Kapuganti for his invitation to make running protocols in my lab available to the public via this valuable and respiration-focused collection. Special thanks and my appreciation are going to Lee Hansen for his almost daily availability as consultant and also collaborator in my lab to support developing calorespirometry for application in plant breeding. The author also wants to recognize the efforts of Amaia Nogales, who was highly dedicated during her stay as postdoc scientist at my Chair to become trained in calorespirometry and to make the method working for carrot root material. The author appreciates support from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology “Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia” (FCT) to establish this technology and is thankful to the University of Évora for continuous invitations as Coordinating Investigator since 2008 in order to prolong running of the established EU Marie Curie Chair financed initially by the EC in the period from 2005 to 2008.
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Arnholdt-Schmitt, B. (2017). Respiration Traits as Novel Markers for Plant Robustness Under the Threat of Climate Change: A Protocol for Validation. In: Jagadis Gupta, K. (eds) Plant Respiration and Internal Oxygen. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1670. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7292-0_15
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7292-0_15
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