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Sleep and Combat-Related Post Traumatic Stress Disorder pp 145–167Cite as

Brain Structural Abnormalities in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Relations with Sleeping Problems

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Abstract

Increasing number of neuroimaging studies examine brain structure in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients. Limited studies begin to examine the relationship of brain structure and sleep problems in PTSD patients. The current review summarizes the existing findings on structural brain differences between the PTSD patients and control subjects without PTSD, with emphasis on studies related to sleep problems in PTSD patients. The findings of structural differences in hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, insular cortex, and corpus callosum of PTSD patients have been reported in multiple studies, but changes in other brain regions are yet to be reliably replicated. Limited studies on pediatric PTSD suggest different picture of structural abnormalities as compared to adult patients. The longitudinal studies suggest that structural properties of prefrontal cortex in trauma-exposed individuals dynamically change over time, and these dynamic brain changes may associate with progression of PTSD symptoms. Finally, limited studies suggest that structural changes in hippocampus and prefrontal brain regions may be associated with the severity of sleep problems in trauma-exposed individuals, but further investigation on this issue is clearly needed.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge Carol Brikmanis, M.A., John Wall Ph.D., and Russell Palm B.A. for editing the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

    Israel Liberzon

  2. Department of Psychiatry, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA

    Xin Wang

  3. Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA

    Hong Xie

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  1. Israel Liberzon
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  2. Xin Wang
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  3. Hong Xie
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Correspondence to Israel Liberzon , Xin Wang or Hong Xie .

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  1. Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands

    Eric Vermetten

  2. Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

    Anne Germain

  3. University of California, San Francisco, California, USA

    Thomas C. Neylan

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Liberzon, I., Wang, X., Xie, H. (2018). Brain Structural Abnormalities in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Relations with Sleeping Problems. In: Vermetten, E., Germain, A., Neylan, T. (eds) Sleep and Combat-Related Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7148-0_12

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