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Interaction Between Calcium and Phosphorus and the Relationship to Bone Health

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Clinical Aspects of Natural and Added Phosphorus in Foods

Part of the book series: Nutrition and Health ((NH))

Abstract

Calcium and phosphorus metabolism are interconnected with effects on parathyroid hormone (PTH), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25 (OH)2D), serum, and urinary concentrations of both calcium and phosphorus including intestinal absorption, urinary excretion, and skeletal actions. Many studies have shown that an increased phosphorus (P) intake may have negative effects on the skeleton, whereas calcium (Ca) intake may have a protective effect on it. As there may be an optimal balance between the nutrients in relation to bone health, interest has been focused on the dietary Ca:P ratio. Both animal and human research data indicate that a low Ca:P ratio has a negative impact on the skeleton, but there is also suggestive evidence that if P intake is high, a high Ca intake does not completely counteract the adverse effect of a high P intake, especially if it derives from food additives.

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Abbreviations

1,25(OH)2D 1,25:

Dihydroxyvitamin D calcitriol

BALP:

Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase

BMD:

Bone mineral density

Ca:

Calcium

CTx:

Carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen

DPyr:

Deoxypyridinoline

FGF23:

Fibroblast growth factor 23

iCa:

Ionized calcium

K:

Potassium

Npt:

Sodium-dependent phosphate transporter

NTx:

Amino-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen

OC:

Osteocalcin

P:

Phosphorus

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Calcium Research Unit, Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, 88, (Agnes Sjöbergin katu 2), Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland

    Christel Lamberg-Allardt PhD & Virpi Kemi PhD

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  1. Christel Lamberg-Allardt PhD
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Correspondence to Christel Lamberg-Allardt PhD .

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  1. University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA

    Orlando M. Gutiérrez

  2. City Tower, Suite 400-ZOT:4088 UCI, School of Medicine, Orange, California, USA

    Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh

  3. University of Washington, Professor of Medicine, and Section Head Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA

    Rajnish Mehrotra

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Lamberg-Allardt, C., Kemi, V. (2017). Interaction Between Calcium and Phosphorus and the Relationship to Bone Health. In: Gutiérrez, O., Kalantar-Zadeh, K., Mehrotra, R. (eds) Clinical Aspects of Natural and Added Phosphorus in Foods. Nutrition and Health. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6566-3_10

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