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Vascular Dementia

Clinical Assessment, Neuropsychological Features, and Treatment

  • Chapter
Handbook of Neuropsychology and Aging

Part of the book series: Critical Issues in Neuropsychology ((CINP))

Abstract

Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second leading cause of dementia in the elderly, accounting for 15–25% of cognitive decline in aged individuals (Roman, 1991). Despite high prevalence, VaD has not been studied as extensively as other dementias, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Worldwide epidemiologic studies have found consistent increases in the prevalence of VaD with advancing age (Rocca et al., 1991; Suzuki, Kutsuzawa, Nakajinia, & Hatano, 1991; Yamaguchi, Ogata, & Yoshida, 1992). Studies reveal that in the United States the prevalence of stroke rises exponentially with age, doubling each decade (Kurtzke, 1985). The estimated prevalence of patients over the age of 60 surviving an ischemic stroke is 1,640,800. Of these patients, approximately 25% develop dementia. It is further estimated that in at least 62% of patients with dementia and ischemic stroke, cognitive impairment dementia is the direct result of cerebrovascular disease (Tatemichi, Desmond, & Mayeux, 1992).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, 90024, USA

    Susan E. McPherson

  2. Cedars Sinai Alzheimer’s Disease Research and Treatment Center, Los Angeles, California, 90024, USA

    Susan E. McPherson

  3. Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, 90024, USA

    Jeffrey L. Cummings

  4. West Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, 90095-1769, USA

    Jeffrey L. Cummings

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  1. Susan E. McPherson
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Aging Research and Education Center, Lutheran Affiliated Services, Mars, Pennsylvania, 16046, USA

    Paul David Nussbaum

  2. Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15261, USA

    Paul David Nussbaum

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McPherson, S.E., Cummings, J.L. (1997). Vascular Dementia. In: Nussbaum, P.D. (eds) Handbook of Neuropsychology and Aging. Critical Issues in Neuropsychology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1857-4_12

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