Abstract
It has been shown that near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) permits the assessment of functional brain activation.8,9,14,21 Four studies were dedicated to the visual system which partly yielded conflicting results.10,11,13,21 Though all studies showed an increase in [oxy-Hb] during visual stimulation using different stimulation paradigms, the changes observed in [deoxy-Hb] were not uniform. Meek et al.13 reported on a decrease in [deoxy-Hb] in 4 of 10 subjects but an increase in the other 6 subjects, while Kato et al.11 and Hoshi et al.10 using photic stimulation of 8 Hz and 10 Hz found an increase in [deoxy-Hb] in their studies. On the other hand, Villringer et al.21 observed a decrease in [deoxy-Hb] during photic stimulation and picture observation, but this included only 3 subjects lacking therefore statistical evaluation. All NIRS-investigators10,11,13,21 localised the optical probes only with respect to external bony landmarks without knowledge of the exact spatial relation of these landmarks to the anatomy of the brain. This could have led to inaccurate positions of the optical probes over the visual cortex as there is a great variability of the calcarine fissure concerning these external landmarks.18 Localising the optical probes individually according to previously acquired 3D MRI, the aim of the current study was to investigate whether there is a consistent, statistically evident pattern of changes in [oxy-Hb] and [deoxy-Hb] during visual stimulation. Furthermore, we investigated if NIRS is able to detect oxygenation changes due to activation of a secondary or prestriate visual area known from studies both in monkeys and humans as area V5 or MT to be sensitive to the submodality “visual motion”.12,19,22,24
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Ruben, J. et al. (1997). Haemoglobin Oxygenation Changes During Visual Stimulation in the Occipital Cortex. In: Harrison, D.K., Delpy, D.T. (eds) Oxygen Transport to Tissue XIX. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 428. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5399-1_26
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