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Stem Cells in Oculofacial Plastic Surgery

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Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine in Ophthalmology

Part of the book series: Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine ((STEMCELL))

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Abstract

In the field of oculofacial plastic surgery, stem cells are beginning to be used in reconstructive and aesthetic applications. Adult mesenchymal stem cells, specifically adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), with their abundant supply, ease of harvest, and ability to differentiate into fat, bone, cartilage, muscle, and blood vessels appear to be excellent progenitor cells for use in facial reconstruction. ADSCs secrete cytokines which can enhance their own survival and engraftment. In addition, ADSCs have been utilized clinically for tissue engineering of facial structures including bone, cartilage, and fat and have the potential for engineering other mesenchymal structures the tarsus. Stem cells may augment wound healing, especially in the case of chronic wounds, free grafts, and flaps and theoretically could improve surgical outcomes, especially in high-risk settings. Lastly, the paracrine effect of adult mesenchymal stem cells has the potential to mitigate, and in some instances reverse, the process of age and oxidative skin damage. Well-designed, prospective, quantitative human trials need to be conducted to bring stem cell technology into standard oculofacial plastic surgical practice.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA

    Bryan J. Winn

  2. Edward Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA

    Mary Whitman

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  1. Bryan J. Winn
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  2. Mary Whitman
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Correspondence to Bryan J. Winn .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University, 160 Fort Washington Avenue, Room 513, New York, 10032, New York, USA

    Stephen H. Tsang

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Winn, B.J., Whitman, M. (2013). Stem Cells in Oculofacial Plastic Surgery. In: Tsang, S. (eds) Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine in Ophthalmology. Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5493-9_2

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