International Cultural Tourism Charter Managing Tourism at Places of Heritage Significance (1999)

Introduction

Around the world local, regional, and international tourism has grown significantly in importance since the end of World War II. Tourism is now a major employer in rural and urban areas across the world. In many communities, it is now one of the largest sources of economic activity. The numerical growth of the middle class in many emerging economies coupled with the emergence of mass-market air travel means that a greater proportion of the global population is now able to enjoy leisure travel than ever before. Similarly, the spread of mass communication media, such as television and cinema, combined with improved education in most countries has stimulated a desire in many people to visit other places and to experience other cultures.

While the early years of postwar mass tourism often concentrated on outdoor leisure pursuits and relaxation, the last 30 years have witnessed a fragmentation and diversification of the tourism industry. Consumer, adventure, family, sport,...