Abstract
The detection of autophagic vesicles in interphase cells is well characterized with markers such as LC3, SQSTM1 (also known as p62) and LAMP2, which are commonly used in immunofluorescence and biochemistry assays to evaluate the status of autophagy in adherent cells. During mitosis, cells undergo important morphological changes which alter the position of the central plane, therefore the imaging of dividing cells has to be specifically designed. Here, we describe a method to label and image autophagic vesicles in mitotic cells to systematically analyze their number, morphology and distribution.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- CDK1:
-
Cyclin-dependent kinase 1
- DAPI:
-
4′,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole
- DMEM:
-
Dulbecco’s modified eagle medium
- LAMP2:
-
Lysosome-associated membrane protein 2
- LC3:
-
Microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3
- PBS:
-
Phosphate-buffered saline
- PFA:
-
Paraformaldehyde
- ROI:
-
Region of interest
- SQSTM1:
-
Sequestosome-1
References
Levine B, Kroemer G (2019) Biological functions of autophagy genes: a disease perspective. Cell 176:11–42
Yim WW-Y, Mizushima N (2020) Lysosome biology in autophagy. Cell Discov 6:6
Carlton JG, Jones H, Eggert US (2020) Membrane and organelle dynamics during cell division. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 21:151–166
Champion L, Linder MI, Kutay U (2017) Cellular reorganization during mitotic entry. Trends Cell Biol 27:26–41
Almacellas E, Pelletier J, Day C et al (2021) Lysosomal degradation ensures accurate chromosomal segregation to prevent chromosomal instability. Autophagy 17:796–813
Hämälistö S, Stahl JL, Favaro E et al (2020) Spatially and temporally defined lysosomal leakage facilitates mitotic chromosome segregation. Nat Commun 11:229
Jackman J, O’Connor PM (2001) Methods for synchronizing cells at specific stages of the cell cycle. Curr Protoc Cell Biol Chapter 8:Unit 8.3
Vassilev LT, Tovar C, Chen S et al (2006) Selective small-molecule inhibitor reveals critical mitotic functions of human CDK1. PNAS 103:10660–10665
Chung JY-M, Steen JA, Schwarz TL (2016) Phosphorylation-induced motor shedding is required at mitosis for proper distribution and passive inheritance of mitochondria. Cell Rep 16:2142–2155
Acknowledgments
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement no 799000 to C.M. We thank CERCA Program/Generalitat de Catalunya for institutional support.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Almacellas, E., Garcia-Cajide, M., Tauler, A., Mauvezin, C. (2022). Analysis of Autophagic Vesicles in Mitotic Cells. In: Norberg, H., Norberg, E. (eds) Autophagy and Cancer. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2445. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2071-7_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2071-7_9
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-0716-2070-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-0716-2071-7
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols