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Dynamic Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Penile Carcinoma

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Radioguided Surgery

Abstract

Squamous cell carcinoma accounts for more than 95% of malignant penile neoplasms. The pattern of dissemination is predominantly lymphogenic to the inguinal nodes. Treatment of patients with penile carcinoma and proven inguinal metastases is straightforward, and consists of treatment of the primary lesion and regional lymph node dissection. For individuals with impalpable nodes, however, treatment has been a subject of debate for many years. Routine elective inguinal lymph node dissection leads to overtreatment in the majority of patients because of the low incidence of occult lymph node metastases. On the other hand, a wait-and-see policy harbors the risk of patients presenting with metastasis at a stage when cure is no longer possible (1). Unfortunately, primary tumor characteristics are rather unreliable in predicting occult metastases (2),(3). In addition, staging with computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging has so far not been shown to improve the accuracy of detecting occult metastases (4). Staging with ultrasound along with fine-needle aspiration biopsy is more accurate, but still has a relatively low sensitivity (5).

Portions of this chapter are reprinted from Kroon BK, Horenblas S, Nieweg OE. Contemporary management of penile squamous cell carcinoma. J Surg Oncol 2005;89:43–50. Reprinted with permission of Wiley-Liss, Inc. a subsidiary of John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Simon Horenblas MD & Bin K. Kroon MD

  2. Department of Nuclear Medicine, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Renato A. Valdés Olmos MD

  3. Department of Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Omgo E. Nieweg MD

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  1. Simon Horenblas MD
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  2. Bin K. Kroon MD
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  3. Renato A. Valdés Olmos MD
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  4. Omgo E. Nieweg MD
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Regional Center of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pisa Medical School, Pisa, Italy

    Giuliano Mariani MD

  2. John Wayne Cancer Institute, Saint John’s Health Center, Santa Monica, California, USA

    Armando E. Giuliano MD (Chief of Science and Medicine) (Chief of Science and Medicine)

  3. Nuclear Medicine Service, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA

    H. William Strauss MD

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Horenblas, S., Kroon, B.K., Valdés Olmos, R.A., Nieweg, O.E. (2008). Dynamic Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Penile Carcinoma. In: Mariani, G., Giuliano, A.E., Strauss, H.W. (eds) Radioguided Surgery. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-38327-9_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-38327-9_11

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