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A Simple Method to Produce Engineered Cartilage from Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Poly ε-Caprolactone Scaffolds

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Advances in Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (ICRRM 2023)

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((ICRRM))

Abstract

Introduction The damaged articular cartilage has limited self-regeneration capacity because of the absence of blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves. Cartilage transplantation is, hence, a popular method used to treat this disease. However, sources of autograft and allogenic cartilage for transplantation are limited. Therefore, this study aims to suggest a simple method to produce engineered cartilage from human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) and poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds.

Methods ADSCs were isolated and expanded from fat tissues according to published protocols. PCL-porous scaffolds were produced from PCL with 5 × 5 × 0.6 mm3 with 200–400 μ m pore sizes. ADSCs were seeded on the PCL scaffolds at three different densities (104, 105, 106 cells per scaffold). The adherence of ADSCs on the surface of PCL scaffolds was evaluated based on an immunostaining assay to determine the presence of ADSCs. The cell proliferation on PCL scaffolds was determined by MTT assay. The complexity in ADSCs and PCL scaffolds was induced to cartilage using a chondrogenesis medium. The engineered cartilage was characterized by the accumulation of proteoglycan and aggrecan by Safranin O staining assay. Their structures were evaluated using an H-E staining assay. Finally, these engineered cartilage tissues were transplanted into mice to assess cartilage maturation when compared to natural cartilage.

Results The results showed that the engineered cartilage tissues could be successfully produced by cultures of ADSCs on poly ε-caprolactone scaffolds in combination with chondrogenesis medium. The suitable density of ADSCs was 106 cells/per scaffold of 5 × 6 × 0.6 mm3 with pore size from 200 to 400 μ m.

Conclusion The results showed that an in vitro cartilage tissue was created from ADSCs and PCL scaffold. The cartilage tissue exists in the mice for 6 months.

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Abbreviations

ADSC:

Adipose-derived stem cells

CD:

Cluster of differentiation

ECM:

Extracellular matrix

MSC:

Mesenchymal stem cell

PBS:

Phosphate buffer saline

PCL:

Poly (ε-caprolactone)

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Acknowledgements

This research is funded by Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City (VNU-HCM) under grant number C2017-18-24/HĐ-KHCN.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Stem Cell Institute, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Hue Thi-Ngoc Nguyen & Ngoc Bich Vu

  2. Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Hue Thi-Ngoc Nguyen & Ngoc Bich Vu

Authors
  1. Hue Thi-Ngoc Nguyen
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  2. Ngoc Bich Vu
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Correspondence to Ngoc Bich Vu .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Stem Cells Institute, University of Science Viet Nam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Phuc Van Pham

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Nguyen, H.TN., Vu, N.B. (2021). A Simple Method to Produce Engineered Cartilage from Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Poly ε-Caprolactone Scaffolds. In: Pham, P.V. (eds) Advances in Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering. ICRRM 2023. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology(). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/5584_2021_669

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