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Neuro-Immune Crosstalk in CNS Diseases

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Molecular Basis of Multiple Sclerosis

Part of the book series: Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation ((RESULTS,volume 51))

Abstract

Immune cells infiltrate the central nervous system (CNS) in many neurological diseases, with a primary or secondary inflammatory component. In the CNS, immune cells employ shared mediators to promote crosstalk with neuronal cells. The net effect of this neuro-immune crosstalk critically depends on the context of the interaction. It has long been established that inflammatory reactions in the CNS can cause or augment tissue injury in many experimental paradigms. However, emerging evidence suggests that in other paradigms inflammatory cells can contribute to neuroprotection and repair. This dual role of CNS inflammation is also reflected on the molecular level as it is becoming increasingly clear that immune cells can release both neurodestructive and neuroprotective molecules into CNS lesions. It is thus the balance between destructive and protective factors that ultimately determines the net result of the neuro-immune interaction.

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Acknowledgements

The authors have been supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Emmy Noether Programm and SFB 571), Hermann and Lilly Schilling Foundation; Max Planck Society and Verein “Therapieforschung für Multiple Sklerose Kranke e.V”. The authors thank Markus Krumbholz for the help with figures. This chapter is reprinted, with permission from the publisher, from our recent review article (Kerschensteiner, M., Meinl E., Hohlfeld R. (in press) Neuro-immune crosstalk in CNS disease. Neuroscience).

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  1. Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Marchioninistr, 17, 81377, Munich, Germany

    Martin Kerschensteiner, Edgar Meinl & Reinhard Hohlfeld

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  1. Martin Kerschensteiner
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  2. Edgar Meinl
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  3. Reinhard Hohlfeld
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Correspondence to Martin Kerschensteiner .

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  1. Institut für Neuroimmunologie und, Klinische Multiple-Sklerose-Forschung, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Falkenried 94, Hamburg, 20251, Germany

    Roland Martin

  2. , Clinical Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria

    Andreas Lutterotti

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Kerschensteiner, M., Meinl, E., Hohlfeld, R. (2009). Neuro-Immune Crosstalk in CNS Diseases. In: Martin, R., Lutterotti, A. (eds) Molecular Basis of Multiple Sclerosis. Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation, vol 51. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/400_2009_6

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