Skip to main content

Computational Infrastructure for Experiments in Cognitive Leverage

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Cognitive Technology: Instruments of Mind (CT 2001)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNAI,volume 2117))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to raise some hard and interesting questions about the new relationships possible between humans and their artifacts:

  • What happens when we can have collaborative relationships with our responsive and knowledge-bearing artifacts?

  • What happens when group minds are mediated through new types of computing system that can support new and subtle forms of interaction among thousands of imaginations?

The second purpose is to share our work on several enabling technologies that make it possible to experiment with these new types of relationships among humans and machines in new ways. We describe some of the new computing challenges that occur when we have more than one human interacting with the computing systems and with each other. Lastly, we raise some issues about remaining human and creating technology that we can not only live with but thrive with.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Kirstie L. Bellman, “An Approach to Integrating and Creating Flexible Software Environments Supporting the Design of Complex Systems”, pp. 1101–1105 in Proc. WSC’91: The 1991 Winter Simulation Conf., 8–11 December 1991, Phoenix, Arizona (1991)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Kirstie L. Bellman, “Sharing Work, Experience, Interpretation, and maybe even Meanings Between Natural and Artificial Agents” (invited paper), pp. 4127–4132 (Vol. 5) in Proc. SMC’97: The 1997 IEEE Int. Conf. on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 12–15 October 1997, Orlando, Florida (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Kirstie L. Bellman, “Towards a Theory of Virtual Worlds”, pp. 17–21 in Proc. VWsim’99: The 1999 Virtual Worlds and Simulation Conf., 18–20 January 1999, San Francisco, SCS (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Kirstie L. Bellman, “Emotions: Meaningful Mappings Between the Individual and Its World” (invited paper), Proc. Workshop on Emotions in Humans and Artifacts, 13–14 August 1999, Vienna (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Kirstie L. Bellman, “Developing a Concept of Self for Constructed Autonomous Systems”, pp. 693–698, Vol. 2 in Proc. EMCSR'2000: The 15th European Meeting on Cybernetics and Systems Research, Symposium on Autonomy Control: Lessons from the Emotional, 25–28 April 2000, Vienna (April 2000)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Kirstie L. Bellman, April Gillam, Christopher Landauer, “Challenges for Conceptual Design Environments: The VEHICLES Experience”, Revue Internationale de CFAO et d’Infographie, Hermes, Paris (September 1993)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Kirstie L. Bellman, Christopher Landauer, “Playing in the MUD: Virtual Worlds are Real Places”, Proc. ECAI’98: The 1998 European Conf. on Artificial Intelligence, Workshop w14 on Intelligent Virtual Environments, 25 August 1998, Brighton, England, U.K. (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Kirstie L. Bellman, Christopher Landauer, “Virtual Worlds as Meeting Places for Formal Systems”, in The 7th Bellman Continuum, Int. Workshop on Computation, Optimization and Control, 24–25 May 1999, Santa Fe, NM (1999); (to appear) in Applied Mathematics and Computation, (May 2001, expected)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Kirstie L. Bellman, Christopher Landauer, “Integration Science is More Than Putting Pieces Together”, in Proc. 2000 IEEE Aerospace Conf. (CD), 18–25 March 2000, Big Sky, Montana (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Richard Bellman, P. Brock, “On the concepts of a problem and problem-solving”, American Mathematical Monthly, Vol. 67, pp. 119–134 (1960)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  11. Jeffrey M. Bradshaw (ed.), Software Agents, AAAI Press (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Jeffrey M. Bradshaw, “An Introduction to Software Agents”, Chapter 1, pp. 3–46 in [11]

    Google Scholar 

  13. Vannevar Bush, “As We May Think”, The Atlantic Monthly, Vol. 176, No. 1; pages 101–108 (July 1945)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Jen Clodius, “Computer-Mediated Interactions: Human Factors”, (invited keynote presentation) MUDshop II, September 1995, San Diego, California (1995); at URL http://www.dragonmud.org/people/jen/keynote.html (Last checked 20 March 2001)

  15. Paul Dourish, Annette Adler, Brian Cantwell Smith, “Organizing User Interfaces Around Reflective Accounts”, in Reflection’96 Symposium, 21–23 April 1996, San Francisco, California (April 1996); also at URL http://www.parc.xerox.com/csl/groups/sda/projects/reflection96/index.html (last checked 6 May 2001)

  16. Winifred Gallagher, The Power of Place: How Our Surroundings Shape Our Thoughts, Emotions, and Actions, Harper Perennial (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Billie Hughes, “Educational MUDs: Issues and Challenges”, (invited keynote presentation) MUDshop II, September 1995, San Diego, California (1995); at URL http://www.pc.maricopa.edu/community/pueblo/writings/MudShopBillie.html (Last checked 20 March 2001)

  18. Edwin Hutchins, Cognition in the Wild, MIT (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Catriona M. Kennedy, “Distributed Reflective Architectures for Adjustable Autonomy”, in David Kortenkamp, Gregory Dorais, Karen L. Myers (eds.), Proc. IJCAI-99 Workshop on Adjustable Autonomy Systems, 1 August 1999, Stockholm, Sweden (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  20. George Lakoff, “Women, Fire, and Dangerous Things”, U. Chicago Press (1987)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Christopher Landauer, “Wrapping Mathematical Tools”, pp. 261–266 in Proc. EMC’90: The 1990 SCS Eastern Multi-Conference, 23–26 April 1990, Nashville, Tennessee, SCS (1990)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Christopher Landauer, Kirstie L. Bellman, “Computational Embodiment: Constructing Autonomous Software Systems”, Cybernetics and Systems, Vol. 30, No. 2, pp. 131–168 (1999)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  23. Christopher Landauer, Kirstie L. Bellman, “Situation Assessment via Computational Semiotics”, pp. 712–717 in Proc. IS AS’98: The 1998 Int. MultiDisciplinary Conf. on Intelligent Systems and Semiotics, 14–17 September 1998, NIST, Gaithersburg, Maryland (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Christopher Landauer, Kirstie L. Bellman, “Computational Embodiment: Agents as Constructed Complex Systems“, Chapter 11, pp. 301–322 in Kerstin Dautenhahn (ed.), Human Cognition and Social Agent Technology, Benjamins (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Christopher Landauer, Kirstie L. Bellman, “Generic Programming, Partial Evaluation, and a New Programming Paradigm”, Chapter 8, pp. 108–154 in Gene McGuire (ed.), Software Process Improvement, Idea Group Publishing (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Christopher Landauer, Kirstie L. Bellman, “New Architectures for Constructed Complex Systems”, in The 7th Bellman Continuum, Int. Workshop on Computation, Optimization and Control, 24–25 May 1999, Santa Fe, NM (1999); (to appear) in Applied Mathematics and Computation, (May 2001, expected)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Christopher Landauer, Kirstie L. Bellman, “Virtual Web Worlds: Extending the Web for Collaboration”, pp. 90–95 in Proc. WETICE’99: Workshop on Web-based Infrastructures and Coordination Architectures for Collaborative Enterprises, 16–18 June 1999, Stanford, California (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Christopher Landauer, Kirstie L. Bellman, “Lessons Learned with Wrapping Systems”,. pp. 132–142 in Proc. ICECCS’99: The 5th Int. Conf. on Engineering Complex Computing Systems, 18–22 October 1999, Las Vegas, Nevada (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Christopher Landauer, Kirstie L. Bellman, “Architectures for Embodied Intelligence”, pp. 215–220 in Proc. ANNIE’99:1999 Artificial Neural Nets and Industrial Engineering, Special Track on Bizarre Systems, 7–10 November 1999, St. Louis, Mo. (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Christopher Landauer, Kirstie L. Bellman, “Relationships and Actions in Conceptual Categories”, pp. 59–72 in G. Stumme (Ed.), Working with Conceptual Structures-Contributions to ICCS 2000, Auxiliary Proc. ICCS’2000: Int. Conf. on Conceptual Structures, 14–18 August 2000, Darmstadt, Shaker Verlag, Aachen (August 2000)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Christopher Landauer, Kirstie L. Bellman, “Reflective Infrastructure for Autonomous Systems”, pp. 671–676, Vol. 2 in Proc. EMCSR’2000: The 15th European Meeting on Cybernetics and Systems Research, Symposium on Autonomy Control: Lessons from the Emotional, 25–28 April 2000, Vienna (April 2000)

    Google Scholar 

  32. Christopher Landauer, Kirstie L. Bellman, “Symbol Systems and Meanings in Virtual Worlds”, Proc. VWsim’01: The 2001 Virtual Worlds and Simulation Conf., 7–11 January 2001, Phoenix, SCS (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Christopher Landauer, Kirstie L. Bellman, “Conceptual Modeling Systems: Active Knowledge Processes in Conceptual Categories”, Proceedings ICCS’2001: The 9th International Conference on Conceptual Structures, 30 July–03 August 2001, Stanford (August 2001)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Christopher Landauer, Kirstie L. Bellman, April Gillam, “Software Infrastructure for System Engineering Support”, Proc. AAAI’93 Workshop on Artificial Intelligence for Software Engineering, 12 July 1993, Washington, D.C. (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Christopher Landauer, Valerie E. Polichar, “More than Shared Artifacts: Collaboration via Shared Presence in MUDs”, pp. 182–189 in Proc. WETICE'98: Workshop on Web-based Infrastructures for Collaborative Enterprises, 17–19 June 1998, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  36. Thomas K. Landauer, The Trouble with Computers: Usefulness, Usability, and Productivity, MIT (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  37. Brenda Laurel (ed.), The Art of Human-Computer Interface Design, Addison-Wesley (1990)

    Google Scholar 

  38. Brenda Laurel, “Interface Agents: Metaphors with Character”, Chapter 4, pp. 67–77 in [11]

    Google Scholar 

  39. Ulrike Lechner, Beat Schmid, Salome Schmid-Isler, Katarina Stanoevska-Slabeva, Structuring and Systemizing Knowledge on the Internet-Realizing the Encyclopedia concept on Internet, Study, 1998, 01/98; at URL http://www.netacademy.org/netacademy/publications.nsf/all_pk/1036, January 1998 (Last checked 20 March 2001)

  40. Maja J. Mataric’, “Studying the Role of Embodiment in Cognition”, pp. 457–470 in Cybernetics and Systems, special issue on Epistemological Aspects of Embodied Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 28, No. 6 (July 1997)

    Google Scholar 

  41. James W. Moore, Review of Waldo and Magic, Inc. by Robert A. Heinlein, URL http://www.wegrokit.com/jmwami.htm (last checked 6 May 2001)

  42. Thomas Moore, Original Self: Living with Paradox and Originality, Harper Collins Publishers (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  43. Bonnie A. Nardi and Vicki L. O’Day, Information Ecologies: Using Technology with Heart, MIT (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  44. Mike O’Brien, “Playing in the MUD”, Ask Mr. Protocol Column, SUN Expert, Vol. 3, No. 5, pp. 19–20, 23, 25–27 (May 1992)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  45. Paolo Petta, “The Role of Emotions in a Tractable Architecture for Situated Cognizers”, (invited paper), Proc. Workshop on Emotions in Humans and Artifacts, 13–14 August 1999, Vienna, Austria (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  46. Paolo Petta, Carlos-Pinto Ferreira, and Rodrigo Ventura, “Autonomy Control Software: Lessons from the Emotional”, in Henry Hexmoor (ed.), Proc. Agents’99/ACS’99: Workshop on Autonomy Control Software, 1 May 1999, Seattle, Washington (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  47. John D. Ramage, John C. Bean, Writing Arguments: A Rhetoric with Readings (3rd Ed.), Allyn and Bacon (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  48. Reed Riner, Jen Clodius, “Simulating Future Histories”, Anthropology and Education Quarterly, Vol. 26, No. 1, pp. 95–104 (Spring 1995); at URL http://www.dragonmud.org/people/jen/solsys.html (Last checked 20 March 2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. John Schwartz, “A Terminal Obsession”, Washington Post Style Section (27 March 1994); summary posted by Mich Kabay to RISKS digest 29 March 1994 (Vol. 15 Issue 71); at URL http://www.infowar.com/iwftp/risks/Risks-15/risks-15.71.txt (Last checked 20 March 2001), and at URL http://catless.ncl.ac.uk/Risks/15.71.html/#subj3 (Last checked 20 March 2001)

    Google Scholar 

  50. Douglas N. Walton, Informal Logic: A Handbook for Critical Argumentation, Cambridge (1989)

    Google Scholar 

  51. H. G. Wells, “World Brain: The Idea of a Permanent World Encyclopaedia”, Contribution to the new Encyclopédie Française (August 1937); also in H. G. Wells, World Brain, Doubleday, Doran, Garden City, NY (1938); also at URL http://sherlock.berkeley.edu/wells/world_brain.html (Last checked 17 March 2001), and at URL http://art-bin.com/art/obrain.html (Last checked 17 March 2001)

    Google Scholar 

  52. D. D. Woods, “Cognitive Technologies: The Design of Joint Human-Machine Cognitive Systems”. The AI Magazine, pp. 86–91 (1987)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2001 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Landauer, C., Bellman, K.L. (2001). Computational Infrastructure for Experiments in Cognitive Leverage. In: Beynon, M., Nehaniv, C.L., Dautenhahn, K. (eds) Cognitive Technology: Instruments of Mind. CT 2001. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 2117. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44617-6_43

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44617-6_43

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-42406-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-44617-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics