This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Asano, S., and G. Yamamoto, 1975: Light scattering by randomly oriented spheroidal particles, Appl. Opt. 14, 29–49.
Auer, A., and D. Veal, 1970: The dimensions of ice crystals in natural clouds. J. Atmos. Sci. 27, 919–926.
Baran, A. J., P. Yang, and S. Havemann, 2001: Calculation of the single-scattering properties of randomly oriented hexagonal ice columns: a comparison of the T-matrix and the finite-difference time-domain methods, Appl. Opt. 40, 4376–4386.
Berenger, B. J., 1994: A perfectly matched layer for the absorption of electromagnetic waves. J. Comput. Phys. 114, 185–200.
Berenger, B. J., 1996: Three-dimensional perfect matched layer for the absorption of electromagnetic wave. J. Comput. Phys. 127, 363–379.
Berntsen, S., and S. N. Hornsleth, 1994: Retarded time absorbing boundary conditions. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. 42, 1059–1064.
Blaschak, J. G., and G. A. Kriegsmann, 1988: A comparative study of absorbing boundary conditions. J. Comput. Phys. 77, 109–139.
Bohren, C. F., and D. R. Huffman, 1983: Absorption and Scattering of Light by Small Particles. John Wiley, New York.
Born, M., and E. Wolf, 1959: Principles of Optics (Pergamon, Oxford).
Borovoi, A., I. Grishin, E. Naats, and U. Oppel, 2002: Light backscattering by hexagonal ice crystals. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 72, 403–417.
Borovoi, A. G., and I. A. Grishin, 2003: Scattering matrices for large ice crystal particles. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 20, 2071–2080.
Britt, C. L., 1989: Solution of electromagnetic scattering problems using time domain techniques. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. 37, 1181–1191.
Cai, Q., and K. N. Liou, 1982: Polarized light scattering by hexagonal ice crystals: theory. Appl. Opt. 21, 3569–3580.
Chang, P. C., J. G., Walker, K. I. Hopcraft, 2005: Ray tracing in absorbing media. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiative Transfer 96, 327–341.
Chen, B., and J. J. Stamnes, 1998: Validity of diffraction tomography based on the first born and the first Rytov approximations. Appl. Opt. 37, 2996–3006.
Coleman, R., and K. N. Liou, 1981: Light scattering by hexagonal ice crystals. J. Atmos. Sci. 38, 1260–1271.
Cox, C., and W. Munk, 1954: Measurement of the roughness of the sea surface from photographs of the sun’ glitter. J. Opt. Amer. Soc. 44, 838–850.
Cromwell, P. R., 1997: Polyhedra. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
Dessler, A. E., and P. Yang, 2003: The distribution of tropical thin cirrus clouds inferred from Terra MODIS data. J. Climate 16, 1241–1247.
Dupertuis, M. A., Proctor, M., and B. Acklin, 1994: Generalization of complex Snell-Descartes and Fresnel laws. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 11, 1159–1166.
Draine, B. T., and P. J. Flatau, 1994: Discrete-dipole approximation for scattering calculations. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 11, 1491–1499.
Ebert, E. E. and J. A. Curry, 1992: A parameterization of cirrus cloud optical properties for climate models. J. Geophys. Res. 97, 3831–3836.
Euler, L., 1758: Elementa doctrinae solidorum, novi commentarii academiae. Scientiarum Petropolitanae 4, 109–140.
Field, J. V., 1979: Kepler’s star polyhedra, Vistas in Astronomy 23, 109–141.
Fu, Q., and K. N. Liou, 1993: Parameterization of the radiative properties of cirrus clouds. J. Atmos. Sci. 50, 2008–2025.
Furse, C. M., and O. P. Gandhi, 1995: Why the DFT is faster than the FFT for FDTD time-to-frequency domain conversions, IEEE Microwave Guided Wave Lett. 5, 326–328.
Gao, B.-C., and Y. J. Kaufman, 1995: Selection of the 1.375-µm MODIS channels for remote sensing of cirrus clouds and stratospheric aerosols from space. J. Atmos. Sci. 52, 4231–4237.
Goedecke, G. H., and S. G. O’Brien, 1988: Scattering by irregular inhomogeneous particles via the digitized Green’s function algorithm. Appl. Opt. 27, 2431–2438.
Greenler, R., 1990: Rainbows, Halos, and Glories. Cambridge University Press, New York.
Grunbaum, B., 1967: Convex Polytopes. John Wiley, London.
Grynko, Y., and Shkuratov, 2003: Scattering matrix calculated in geometrix optics approximation for semitransparent particles faceted with various shapes. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 78, 319–340.
Hage, J. I., J. M. Greenberg, and R. T. Wang, 1991: Scattering from arbitrary shaped particles: theory and experiment. Appl. Opt. 30, 1141–1152.
Heymsfield, A. J., and J. Iaquinta, 2000: Cirrus crystal terminal velocities. J. Atmos. Sci. 57, 916–938.
Hess, M., and Wiegner, M., 1994: COP: a data library of optical properties of hexagonal ice crystals. Appl. Opt. 33, 7740–7746.
Holland, R., 1977: Threde: a free-field EMP coupling and scattering code. IEEE Trans. Nuclear Science 24, 2416–2421.
Holton, J. R., and A. Gettelman, 2001: Horizontal transport and the dehydration of the stratosphere. Geophys. Res. Lett. 28, 2799–2802.
Houze, R. A. Jr, 1993: Cloud Dynamics. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
Iaquinta, J., H. Isaka, and P. Personne, 1995: Scattering phase function of bullet rosette ice crystals, J. Atmos. Sci. 52, 1401–1413.
Jackson, J. D., 1998: Classical Electrodynamics, 3rd edn. John Wiley, New York.
Jacobowitz, H., 1971: A method for computing the transfer of solar radiation through clouds of hexagonal ice crystals. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 11, 691–695.
Jensen, E. J., O. B. Toon, L. Pfister, and H. B. Selkirk, 1996: Dehydration of upper troposphere and lower stratosphere by subvisible cirrus clouds near the tropical tropopause. Geophys. Res. Lett. 23, 825–828.
Kahnert, F. M., 2003: Numerical methods in electromagnetic scattering theory. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 79–80, 775–824.
Katz, D. S., E. T. Thiele, and A. Taflove, 1994: Validation and extension to three dimensions of Berenger PML absorbing boundary condition for FD-TD meshes. IEEE Microwave Guided Wave Lett. 4, 268–270.
Kerker, M., 1969: The Scattering of Light and Other Electromagnetic Radiation. Academic Press, New York.
King, M. D., W. P. Menzel, Y. J. Kaufman, D. Tanre, B.-C. Gao, S. Platnick, S. A. Ackerman, L. A. Remer, R. Pincus, and P. A. Hubanks, 2003: Cloud and aerosol properties, precipitable water, and profiles of temperature and humidity from MODIS. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing 41, 442–458.
Kokhanovsky, A., 1999: Optics of Light Scattering Media. John Wiley, Chichester, UK.
Kress, R. 1990: Nmerical solution of boundary integral equations in time-harmonic electromagnetic scattering. Electromagnetics 10, 1–20.
Kunz, K. S., and L. Simpson, 1981: A technique for increasing the resolution of finite-difference solutions of the Maxwell’s equation. IEEE Trans. Electromagnetic Campat. 23, 419–422.
Kunz, K. S., and K. M. Lee, 1978: A three-dimensional finite-difference solution of the external response of an aircraft to a complex transient EM environment, I: The method and its implementation. IEEE Trans. Electromagnetic Campat. 20, 328–333.
Kunz, K. S., and R. J. Luebbers, 1993: The Finite Difference Time Domain Method for Electromagnetics. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
Lazzi, G., and O. P. Gandhi, 1996: On the optimal design of the PML absorbing boundary condition for the FDTD code. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. 45, 914–916.
Liao, Z., H. L. Wong, B. Yang, and Y. Yuan, 1984: A transmitting boundary for transient wave analyses. Scientia Sinica XXVII, 1063–1076.
Liou, K. N., 1972a: Electromagnetic scattering by arbitrarily oriented ice cylinders. Appl. Opt. 11, 667–674.
Liou, K. N., 1972b: Light scattering by ice clouds in the visible and infrared: a theoretical study. J. Atmos. Sci. 29, 524–536.
Liou, K. N., 1973: Transfer of solar irradiance through cirrus cloud layers. J. Geophys. Res. 78, 1409–1418.
Liou, K. N., 1986: Influence of cirrus clouds on weather and climate process: a global perspective. Mon. Weather Rev. 114, 1167–1199.
Liou, K. N. 1992: Radiation and Cloud Processes in the Atmosphere. Oxford University Press, New York.
Liou, K. N. 2002: An Introduction to Atmospheric Radiation, 2nd edn. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
Liou, K. N., and J. E. Hansen, 1971: Intensity and polarization for single scattering by polydisperse spheres: a comparison of ray optics and Mie theory. J. Atmos. Sci. 28, 995–1004.
Liou, K. N., and Y. Takano, 2002: Interpretation of cirrus cloud polarization measurements from radiative transfer theory. Geophys. Res. Lett. 29, 10.1029/2001GL014613,27-1–27-4.
Liou, K. N., Y. Takano, and P. Yang, 2000: Light scattering and radiative transfer by ice crystal clouds: applications to climate research, in Light Scattering by Nonspherical Particles: Theory, Measurements, and Geophysical Applications, M. I. Mishchenko, J.W. Hovenier, and L. D. Travis (eds), pp. 417–449. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
Lord Rayleigh, 1918: The dispersal of light by a dielectric cylinder. Phil. Mag. 36, 365–376.
Lorenz, L. V., 1890, Lysbevaege i og uder en plane lysbolger belyst kulge. Vidensk. Selk. Skr. 6, 1–62.
Lynch, D. K., K. Sassen, D. O’C Starr, and G. Stephens (eds), 2002: Cirrus. Oxford University Press, New York.
Macke, A., 1993: Scattering of light by polyhedral ice crystals. Appl. Opt. 32, 2780–2788.
Macke, A., M. I. Mishchenko, K. Muinonen, and B. E. Carlson, 1995: Scattering of light by large nonspherical particles: ray-tracing approximation versus T-matrix method. Opt. Lett. 20, 1934–1936.
Macke, A. J. Mueller, and E. Raschke, 1996a: Single scattering properties of atmospheric ice crystal. J. Atmos. Sci. 53, 2813–2825.
Macke, A., M. I. Mishchenko, and B. Cairns, 1996b: The influence of inclusions on light scattering by large ice particles. J. Geophys. Res. 101, 23311–23316.
Macke, A. 2000: Monte Carlo calculations of light scattering by large particles with multiple internal inclusions, in Light Scattering By Nonspherical Particles: Theory, Measurements, and Applications, M. I. Mishchenko, J.W. Hovenier, and L. D. Travis (eds), pp. 309–322. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
Mano, Y., 2000: Exact solution of electromagnetic scattering by a three-dimensional hexagonal ice column obtained with the boundary-element method. Appl. Opt. 39, 5541–5546.
McFarquhar, G. M., A. J. Heymsfield, A. Macke, J. Iaquinta, and S. M. Aulenbach, 1999: Use of observed ice crystal sizes and shapes to calculate the mean-scattering properties and multispectral radiance; CEPEX April 4 1993 case study. J. Geophys Res. 104, 31763–31779.
Merewether, D. E., R. Fisher, and F. W. Smith, 1980: On implementing a numeric Huygen’s source in a finite difference program to illuminate scattering bodies. IEEE Trans. Nuclear Sci. 27, 1829–1833.
Meyer, K., P. Yang, and B.-C. Gao, 2004: Optical thickness of tropical cirrus clouds derived from the MODIS 0.66 and 1.38-µm channels. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 42, 833–841.
Mie, G., 1908: Beiträge zur Optik trüber medien, speziell kolloidaler Metalösungen. Ann. Phy. 25, 377–445.
Miller, E. K., 1988, A selective survey of computational electromagnetics. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. 36, 1281–1305
Minnis, P., K. N. Liou and Y. Takano. 1993a: Inference of cirrus cloud properties using satellite-observed visible and infrared radiances. Part I: Parameterization of radiance fields. J. Atmos. Sci. 50, 1279–1304.
Minnis, P., P. W. Heck and D. F. Young. 1993b: Inference of cirrus cloud properties using satellite-observed visible and infrared radiances. Part II: Verification of theoretical cirrus radiative properties. J. Atmos. Sci. 50, 1305–1322.
Mishchenko, M. I., and A. Macke, 1998: Incorporation of physical optics effects and δ-function transmission. J. Geophys. Res. 103, 1799–1805.
Mishchenko, M. I., and A. Macke, 1999: How big should hexagonal ice crystals be to produce halos? Appl. Opt. 38, 1626–1629.
Mishchenko, M. I. and L. D. Travis, 1998: Capabilities and limitations of a current FORTRAN implementation of the T-matrix method for randomly oriented, rotationally symmetry scatterers. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 60, 309–324.
Mishchenko, M. I., W. B. Rossow, A. Macke, and A. A. Lacis, 1996: Sensitivity of cirrus cloud albedo, bidirectional reflectance and optical thickness retrieval accuracy to ice particle shape. J. Geophys. Res. 101, 16973–16985.
Mishchenko, M. I., W. J. Wiscombe, J. W. Hovenier, and L. D. Travis, 2000: Overview of scattering by nonspherical particles, in Light Scattering by Nonspherical Particles: Theory, Measurements, and Geophysical Applications, M. I. Mishchenko, J. W. Hovenier, and L. D. Travis (eds), pp. 29–60, Academic Press, San Diago, CA.
Mishchenko, M. I., L. D. Travis, and A. A. Lacis, 2002: Scattering, Absorption, and Emission of Light by Small Particles. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
Mitchell, D. L., Y. Liu, and A. Macke, 1996: Modeling cirrus clouds. Part II: Treatment of radiative properties. J. Atmos. Sci. 53, 2967–2988.
Moore, T. G., J. G. Blaschak, A. Taflove, and G. A. Kriegsmann, 1988: Theory and application of radiation boundary operators. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. 36, 1797–1812.
Muinonen, K., 1989: Scattering of light by crystals: a modified Kirchhoff approximation. Appl. Opt. 28, 3044–3050.
Muinonen, K., L. Lamberg, P. Fast, and K. Lumme, 1997: Ray optics regime for Gaussian random spheres. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 57, 197–205.
Mur, G., 1981: Absorbing boundary condition for the finite-difference approximation of the time-domain electromagnetic-field equations. IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat. 23, 377–382.
Noel, V., H. Chepfer, G. Ledanois and P. H. Flamant, 2001: computation of a singles-cattering matrix for nonspherical particles randomlay or horizontally oriented in space. Appl. Opt. 40, 4365–4375.
Nousiainen, T., Muinonen, K., and Raisanen, P., 2003: Scattering of light by large Saharan dust particles in a modified ray optics approximation. J. Geophys. Res. 108, D1, 4025. doi:10.1029/2001JD001277.
Oguchi, T., 1973: Scattering properties of oblate raindrops and cross polarization of radio waves due to rain: calculations at 19.3 and 34.8 GHz. J. Radio Res. Lab. Jpn. 20, 79–118.
Ohtake, T., 1970: Unusual crystal in ice fog. J. Atmos. Sci. 27, 509–511.
Peltoniemi, J. I., Lumme, K., Muinonen, K., and Irvine, W. M., 1998: Scattering of light by stochastically rough particles. Appl. Opt. 28, 4088–4095.
Purcell, E. M. and C. R. Pennypacker, 1973: Scattering and absorption of light by nonspherical dielectric grains. Astrophys. J. 186, 705–714.
Rolland, P., K.N. Liou, M.D. King, S.C. Tsay, and G.M. McFarquhar, 2000: Remote sensing of optical and microphysical properties of cirrus clouds using MODIS channels: methodology and sensitivity to assumptions. J. Geophys. Res. 105, 11,721–11,738.
Rockwitz, K.-D., 1989: Scattering properties of horizontally oriented ice crystal columns in cirrus clouds, Appl. Opt. 28, 4103–41110.
Roskovensky, J.K., and K.N. Liou, 2003: Detection of thin cirrus from 1.38 µm/0.65 µm reflectance ratio combined with 8.6–11 µm brightness temperature difference. Geophys. Res. Lett. 30, 10.1029/2003GL018135, ASC 4-1–4-5.
Saxon, D. S., Lectures on the scattering of light, in Proceedings of the UCLA International Conference on Radiation and Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere, J. G. Kuriyan (ed), pp. 227–308. Western Periodicals, North Hollywood, CA.
Schelkunoff, S. A. (1943). Electromagnetic waves. D. Von Nostrand, New York.
Shlager, K. L., and J. B. Schneider, 1998: A survey of the finite-difference time domain literature, in Advances in Computational Electromagnetics, A. Taflove (ed), pp. 1–62. Artech House, Boston, MA.
Stamnes, J. J., and H. Heier, 1998: Scalar and elctromagnetic diffraction point-spread functions. Appl. Opt. 37, 3612–3622.
Stephens, G. L., 1980a: Radiative properties of cirrus clouds in the infrared region. J. Atmos. Sci. 37, 435–446.
Stephens, G. L., 1980b: Radiative transfer on a linear lattice: Applications to anisotropic ice crystal clouds. J. Atmos. Sci. 37, 2095–2104.
Stephens, G. L., S.-C. Tsay, P. W. Stackhous, and P. J. Flatau, 1990: The relevance of the microphysical and radiative properties of cirrus clouds to climate and climate feedback. J. Atmos. Sci. 47, 1742–1753.
Sullivan, D. M., O. P. Gandhi, and A. Taflove, 1988: Use of the finite-difference time-domain method in calculating EM absorption in man models. IEEE Trans. Biomedical Engineering 35, 179–186.
Sun, W., and Q. Fu, 2000: Finite-difference time-domain solution of light scattering by dielectric particles with large complex refractive indices. Appl. Opt. 39, 5569–5578.
Sun, W., Q. Fu, and Z. Chen, 1999: Finite-difference time-domain solution of light scattering by dielectric particles with perfectly matched layer absorbing boundary conditions. Appl. Opt. 38, 3141–3151.
Taflove, A., 1980: Application of the finite-difference time-domain method to sinusoidal steady-state electromagnetic-penetration problems. IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat. 22, 191–202.
Taflove, A., 1995: Computational Electrodynamics: The Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method. Artech House, Boston, MA.
Taflove, A. and M. E. Brodwin, 1975: Numerical solution of steady-state eletromagnetic scattering problems using the time-dependent Maxwell’s equations. IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. 23, 623–630.
Taflove, A., and S. C. Hagness (eds.), 2000: Computational Electromagnetics, 2nd edn. Artech House, Boston, MA.
Taflove, A., and K. R. Umashankar, 1990: The finite-difference time-domain method for numerical modeling of electromagnetic wave interactions with arbitrary structures. Progress in Electromagnetic Research (PIER) 2, 287–333.
Takano, Y., and K. Jayaweera, 1985: Scattering phase matrix for hexagonal ice crystals computed from ray optics. Appl. Opt. 24, 3254–3263.
Takano, Y., and K. N. Liou, 1989a: Solar radiative transfer in cirrus clouds. Part I. Single-scattering and optical properties of hexagonal ice crystals. J. Atmos. Sci. 46, 3–19.
Takano, Y., and Liou, K. N., 1989b: Radiative transfer in cirrus clouds. II. Theory and computation of multiple scattering in an anisotropic medium. J. Atmos. Sci. 46, 20–36.
Takano, Y., and K. N. Liou, 1995: Radiative transfer in cirrus clouds. III. Light scattering by irregular ice crystals. J. Atmos. Sci. 52, 818–837.
Thuman, W. C., and E. Robinson, 1954: Studies of Alaskan ice-fog particles. J. Meteor. 11, 151–156.
Umashankar, K. and A. Taflove, 1982: A novel method to analyze electromagnetic scattering of complex objects. IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat. 24, 397–405.
van de Hulst, H. C., 1957: Light Scattering by Small Particles. John Wiley, New York.
Vinh, H., H. Duger, C. P. Van Dam, 1992: Finite-difference methods for computational electromagnetics(CEM). IEEE AP-S International Symposium Digest 3, 1682–1683.
Wait, J. R., 1955: Scattering of a plane wave from a circular dielectric cylinder at oblique incidence. Can. J. Phys. 33, 189–195.
Waterman, P. C., 1971: Symmetry, unitarity, and geometry in electromagnetic scattering, Phys. Rev. D3, 825–839.
Wendling, P., R. Wendling, and H. K. Weickmann, 1979: Scattering of solar radiation by hexagonal ice crystals. Appl. Opt. 18, 2663–2671.
Wriedt, T., 1998: A review of elastic light scattering theories. Part. Part. Syst. Charact. 15, 67–74.
Wylie, D. P., W. P. Menzel, H. M. Woolf, and K. I. Strabala, 1994: Four years of global cirrus statistics using HIRS. J. Climate 7, 1972–1986.
Yang, P., and Q. Cai, 1990: Light scattering phase matrix for spheroidal and cylindric large particles. Chinese J. of Atmos. Sci. 14, 345–358.
Yang, P., and K. N. Liou, 1995: Light scattering by hexagonal ice crystals: comparison of finite-difference time domain and geometric optics methods. J. Opt. Soc. Amer. A 12, 162–176.
Yang, P., and K. N. Liou, 1996a: Finite-difference time domain method for light scattering by small ice crystals in three-dimensional space. J. Opt. Soc. Amer. A 13, 2072–2085
Yang, P., and K. N. Liou, 1996b: Geometric-optics-integral-equation method for light scattering by nonspherical ice crystals. Appl. Opt. 35, 6568–6584.
Yang, P., and K. N. Liou, 1997: Light scattering by hexagonal ice crystals: solution by a ray-by-ray integration algorithm. J. Opt. Soc. Amer. A. 14, 2278–2288.
Yang, P., and K. N. Liou, 1998: Single-scattering properties of complex ice crystals in terrestrial atmosphere. Contr. Atmos. Phys. 71, 223–248.
Yang, P., K. N. Liou, M. I. Mishchenko, and B.-C. Gao, 2000: An efficient finite-difference time domain scheme for light scattering by dielectric particles: application to aerosols. Appl. Opt. 39, 3727–3737.
Yang, P., B.-C. Gao, B. A. Baum, W. Wiscombe, Y. Hu, S. L. Nasiri, A. Heymsfield, G. McFarquhar, and L. Miloshevich, 2001a: Sensitivity of cirrus bidirectional reflectance in MODIS bands to vertical inhomogeneity of ice crystal habits and size distributions. J. Geophys. Res. 106, 17267–17291.
Yang, P., B.-C. Gao, B. A. Baum, W. Wiscombe, M. I. Mischenko, D. M. Winker, and S. L. Nasiri, 2001b: Asymptotic solutions of optical properties of large particles with strong absorption. Appl. Opt. 40, 1532–1547.
Yang, P., B. A. Baum, A. J. Heymsfield, Y. X. Hu, H.-L. Huang, S.-Chee Tsay, and S. Ackerman, 2003: Single-scattering properties of droxtals. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 79–80, 1159–1180.
Yang, P., G. W. Kattawar, K.N. Liou, and J. Q. Lu, 2004a: Choice of Cartesian grid configurations for applying the finite-difference time domain method to electromagnetic scattering by dielectric particles. Appl. Opt. 43, 4611–4624.
Yang, P., G. W. Kattawar, and W. J. Wiscombe, 2004b: Effect of particle asphericity on single-scattering parameters: comparison between Platonic solids and spheres. Appl. Opt. 43, 4427–4435.
Yee, S. K., 1966: Numerical solution of initial boundary value problems involving Maxwell’s equations in isotropic media. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. 14, 302–307.
Yee, S. K., J. S. Chen, and A. H. Chang, 1992: Conformal finite difference time domain (FDTD) with overlapping grids. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. 40, 1068–1075.
Zhai, P., Y.-K. Lee, G. W. Kattawar, and P. Yang, 2004: On the near to far field transformation for the finite-difference time domain (FDTD) application. Appl. Opt. 43, 3738–3746.
Zhang, Z., P. Yang, G. W. Kattawar, S.-C. Tsay. B. A. Baum, H.-L. Huang, Y. X. Hu, A. J. Heymsfield, and J. Reichardt, 2004: Geometrical-optics solution to light scattering by droxtal ice crystals. Appl. Opt. 43, 2490–2499.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2006 Praxis Publishing Ltd, Chichester, UK
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Yang, P., Liou, KN. (2006). Light scattering and absorption by nonspherical ice crystals. In: Kokhanovsky, A.A. (eds) Light Scattering Reviews. Springer Praxis Books. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg . https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-37672-0_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-37672-0_2
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-25315-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-37672-9
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)