Sediments and sedimentary rocks may be divided into two kinds, intrabasinal or autochthonous and extrabasinal or allochthonous. Intrabasinal sediments and sedimentary rocks or autochthonous deposits are those whose particles were derived from within the basin of deposition. Most carbonate sediments and rocks (including limestones and dolomites or dolostones) were precipitated within a basin of deposition. Terrigenous particles or sedimentary rocks belong to the extrabasinal or allochthonous group and were derived from outside the basin of deposition; examples are sandstones and shales (Lajoie, 1979; Friedman et al., 1992).
Intrabasinal or autochthonous deposits
Intrabasinal or autochthonous particles include various solids that grew biochemically or chemically in the waters of the depositional basin. These include carbonate biocrystals and other carbonate particles, silica biocrystals, particles composed of evaporite minerals, and certain authigenic minerals, such as glaucony...
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Cross-references
Algal and Bacterial Carbonates SedimentsAnhydrite and GypsumBioclastsCaliche–CalcreteCarbonate Mineralogy and GeochemistryCave SedimentsDolomite TexturesDolomites and DolomitizationEncrinitesEvaporitesGlaucony and VerdineGrain Size and ShapeIronstones and Iron FormationsLateritesOolite and Coated GrainsPhosphoritesSands and Sandstones Sedimentologists SilcreteSiliceous SedimentsSpeleothemsSpiculites and Spongolites Tills and TillitesVarves
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Friedman, G.M. (1978). Classification of sediments and sedimentary rocks. In: Sedimentology. Encyclopedia of Earth Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg . https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-31079-7_44
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