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Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Hybrid Polymer Materials and Composites

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Book cover Microwave-assisted Polymer Synthesis

Part of the book series: Advances in Polymer Science ((POLYMER,volume 274))

Abstract

The fabrication of polymer–inorganic hybrid materials and composites under microwave irradiation benefits from a number of advantages such as reduction in processing time, more uniform heating of materials (i.e., reduced thermal gradient), faster curing of resins, and more efficient crosslinking of composite materials. For polymer hybrid materials, the advantages of microwave-assisted synthesis include smaller particle size, narrower particle size distribution, greater particle density, and higher exfoliation degree, which substantially improve the performance of the final material. A decrease in size of the various components is one of the cornerstones of the push towards improvements in electronic and optical devices, drug delivery, medical scaffolds, biosensors, imaging agents, and analytical technology. This chapter discusses recently published reports on the preparation and characterization of composite materials and polymer hybrids obtained under microwave irradiation using various types of polymer matrix and resins together with inorganic materials such as glass and carbon fibers, carbon black, layered materials (e.g., clays and double hydroxides), metal nanoparticles and nanowires, as well as carbon-based materials (e.g., fullerenes and nanotubes). A survey of past achievements in the preparation of polymer–inorganic hybrid nanocomposites under microwave irradiation can be found in a previously published review paper (Bogdal et al., Curr Org Chem 15:1782, 2011).

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Abbreviations

2bpy:

2,2′-Bipyridine

AAEM:

Acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate

AgNP:

Silver nanoparticle

AIBN:

Azobisisobutyronitrile

AM:

Acrylamide

AP:

p-Aminophenol

APS:

Ammonium persulfate

APTES:

γ-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane

BPA:

Bisphenol A

BPO:

Benzoyl peroxide

CA:

2-Carboxyethyl acrylate

Cloisite® :

Montmorillonite modified with a quaternary ammonium salt

CMC:

Carboxymethyl cellulose

CNT:

Carbon nanotube

CTAB:

Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide

DDM:

Diaminodiphenyl methane

DDS:

4,4′-Diaminodiphenyl sulfone

DGEBA:

Diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A

DMAc:

N,N-Dimethylacetamide

DMT:

Dimethyl terephthalate

DPC:

Diphenyl carbonate

EDA:

Ethylenediamine

EDMA:

Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate

EP:

Epoxy resin

F-FFF:

Flow-field-flow-fractionation

FGM:

Functionally graded materials

HA:

Hydroxyapatite

HDPE:

High-density polyethylene

HTAB:

Hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide

KPS:

Potassium persulfate

LDH:

Layered double hydroxide

LDPE:

Low-density polyethylene

LED:

Light-emitting diode

MA:

Methyl acrylate

MBA:

N,N′-Methylenebisacrylamide

MC:

Microcrystalline cellulose

MMT:

Montmorillonite

MROP:

Microwave-assisted ring-opening polymerization

MSMA:

3-(Trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate

MSTT:

Hybrid poly(acrylic)–SiO2/TiO2 film

MWCNT:

Multiwalled carbon nanotube

Nafion:

Copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoro-3,6-dioxa-4-methyl-7-octene-sulfonic acid

PAI:

Poly(amide-imide)

PAMAM:

Polyamidoamine dendrimers

PC:

Polycarbonate

PCL:

Poly(ε-caprolactone)

PCMA:

Polycinnamamide Mg/Al mixed oxide nanocomposite

PDMS VSi-25:

α,ω-Diacrylate poly(dimethyl-siloxane)

PE:

Polyethylene

PEG:

Polyethylene glycol

PEMFC:

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell

PEO:

Poly(ethylene oxide)

PET:

Poly(ethylene terephthalate)

PETI-5/IM7:

Phenylethynyl-terminated polyimide

PMMA:

Poly(methyl methacrylate)

PoPD:

Poly(o-phenylenediamine)

PP:

Poly(propylene)

PS:

Polystyrene

PTFE:

Poly(tetrafluoroethylene)

PU:

Polyurethane

PVP:

Poly(vinylpyrrolidone)

RGO:

Reduced graphene oxide

ST:

Styrene

SWCNT:

Single-walled carbon nanotube

TBAB:

Tetrabutylammonium bromide

TEMPO:

(2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl

TIP:

Titanium tetraisopropoxide

TMPTA:

Trimethylolpropane triacrylate

Tween-20:

Polyoxyethylenesorbitan monolaurate

ZSM:

Zeolite Socony Mobil

εCL:

ε-Caprolactone

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cracow University of Technology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, 24 Warszawska St., 31-155, Krakow, Poland

    Dariusz Bogdal, Szczepan Bednarz & Katarzyna Matras-Postolek

Authors
  1. Dariusz Bogdal
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  2. Szczepan Bednarz
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  3. Katarzyna Matras-Postolek
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dariusz Bogdal .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Organic Chemistry Supramolecular Chemistry group, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

    Richard Hoogenboom

  2. Institute for Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany

    Ulrich S. Schubert

  3. Polymer Competence Center Leoben GmbH, Leoben, Austria

    Frank Wiesbrock

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Bogdal, D., Bednarz, S., Matras-Postolek, K. (2014). Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Hybrid Polymer Materials and Composites. In: Hoogenboom, R., Schubert, U., Wiesbrock, F. (eds) Microwave-assisted Polymer Synthesis. Advances in Polymer Science, vol 274. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/12_2014_296

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