Skip to main content

Antibiotic Dosing in Burn Injury: Should We be Looking at the Tissues more Closely?

  • Conference paper
Intensive Care Medicine

Abstract

Multiple organ failure (MOF) and compromised immune function, which results in increased susceptibility to sepsis, remain major causes of burn morbidity and mortality [1]. The major frustration for the burns team is for the patient to survive the critical care period, only to succumb to infection, which is known to cause over 75% of burn deaths [2].

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Scwacha MG (2003) Macrophages and post-burn immune dysfunction. Burns 29:1–14

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Polk HC (1979) Consensus summary of infection. J Trauma 19:894–896

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Komolafe OO, James J, Kalongeolera L, Makoka M (2003) Bacteriology of burns at the Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi. Burns 29:235–238

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Edward-Jones V, Greenwood JE (2003) What’s new in burn microbiology? James Laing Memorial Prize Essay. Burns 29:15–24

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Bagdonas R, Tamelis A, Rimdeika R (2003) Staphylococcus aureus infection in the surgery of burns. Medicina (Kaunas) 39:1078–1081

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Zhang X, Zhao BC (2003) Infective pathogens and drug resistance in burned patients. Hunan Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 28:405–408

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. de La Cal Miguel A Cerda E et al 2005 Survival benefit in critically ill burned patients receiving selective decontamination of the digestive tract A randomized placebo-controlled double blind trial. Ann Surg 241424–430

    Google Scholar 

  8. Kobayashi K, Ikeda H, Higuchi R, et al (2005) Epidemiological and outcome characterisics of majorburns in Tokyo. Burns 31(Suppl 1):S3–S11

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Vincent JL, Bihari DJ, Suter PM, Bruining HA, White J, Nicholas-Chanoin MH (1995) The prevalence of nosocomial infection in intensive care units in Europe. JAMA 274:634–644

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Smith TL, Pearson MC, Wilcox R, Cruz C, Lancester MV, Robinson-Dunn B (1999) Emergence of Vancomycin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Glucopeptide-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus working group. N Engl J Med 340:493–501

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Demling RH (1985) Burns. N Engl J Med 313:1389–1398

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Venkatesh B, Meacher R, Muller MJ, Morgan TJ, Fraser J (2001) J Trauma 50:485–94

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Till GO, Beauchamp C, Menapace D (1983) Oxygen radical dependent lung damage following thermal injury of rat skin. J Trauma 23:269–277

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Tranbaugh RF, Lewis FR, Christensen JM (1980) Lung water changes after thermal injury: the effects of crystalloid resuscitation and sepsis. Ann Surg 192:479–490

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Czaja AJ, McAlhany JC, Pruitt BA Jr (1976) Gastric acid secretion and acute gastroduodenal disease after burns. Arch Surg 111:243–245

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Cui X, Sheng Z, Guo Z (1998) Mechanisms of early gastro-intestinal ischaemia after burn: hemodynamic and haemorheologic features. Zhonghua Zhen Xing Shao Shang Wai Ke Za Zhi 14:262–265

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Venkatesh B, Gough J, Ralston DR, Muller M, Pegg S (2004) Protein losing enteropathy in adult patients with major burns. Intensive Care Med 30:162–166

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Winchurch RA, Thupari JN, Munster AM (1987) Endotoxaemia in burn patients: levels of circulating endotoxins are related to burn size. Surgery 102:808–812

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Alexander JW, Boyce ST, Babcock GF (1990) The process of microbial translocation. Ann Surg 212:496–510

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Dobke MK, Simoni J, Ninnemann TJ (1989) Endotoxaemia after burn injury: Effect of early excision on circulating endotoxin levels. J Burn Care Rehabil 10:107–11

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Baue AE, Durham R, Faist E (1998) Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), multiple organ failure (MOF): are we winning the battle? Shock 10:79–89

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Meakins JL (1990) Etiology of multiple organ failure. J Trauma 30(12 suppl):S165–168

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Weinbren MJ (1999) Pharmacokinetics of antibiotics in burn patients. J Antimicrob Chemother 44:319–327

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Waxman K, Rebello T, Pinderski L, O’Neal K, Khan N, Tourangeau S (1987) Protein loss across burn wounds. J Trauma 27:136–140

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Cross SE, Thompsan MJ, Roberts MS (1996) Distribution of systemically administered benzylpenicillin, and flucloxacin in excisional wounds in diabetic and normal rats and effects of local topical vasodilator treatment. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 40:1703–1710

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Rybak MJ, Albrecht LM, Berman JR, Warbasse LH, Svensson CK (1990) Vancomycin pharmacokinetics in burn patients and intra venous drug abusers. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 34:792–795

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Garrelts JC, Peterie JD (1988) Altered vancomycin dose vs. serum concentration relationship in burn patients. Clin Pharmacol Ther 44:9–13

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Brater DC, Bawdon RE, Anderson SA, Purdue GF, Hunt JL (1986) Vancomycin elimination in patients with burn injury. Clin Pharmacol Ther 39:631–634

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Steer JA, Papini RPG, Wilson APR, et al (1996) Pharmacokinetics of a single dose of teicoplanin in burn patients. J Antimicrob Chemother 37:545–553

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Potel G, Moutet J, Bernareggi A, Le Normand Y, Meigner M, Baron D (1990) Pharmacokinetics of teicoplanin in burn patients. Scand J Infect Dis Suppl 72:29–34

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Loirat P, Rohan J, Baillet A, et al (1978) Increased glomerular filtration rate in patients with major burns and its effect on the pharmacokinetics of tobramycin. N Engl J Med 199:915–919

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Zaske DE, Sawchuk RJ, Gerding DN, Strate RG (1976) Increased dosage requirements of gentamicin in burn patients. J Trauma 16:824–828

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Kopcha RG, Fant WK, Warden GD (1991) Increased dosing requirements for amikacin in burned children. J Antimicrob Chemother 28:747–752

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Hoey LL, Tschida SJ, Rotschafer JC, Guay DR, Vance-Bryan K (1997) Wide variation in single, daily-dose aminoglycoside pharmacokinetics in patients with burn injuries. J Burn Care Rehabil 18:116–124

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Adam D, Zellner PR, Koeppe P, Wesch R (1989) Pharmacokinetics of ticarcillin/clavulanate in severly burned patients. J Antimicrob Chemother 24(Suppl B):121–130

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Walstad RA, Aanderud L, Thurmann-Nielsen E (1988) Pharmacokinetics and tissue concentrations of ceftazidime in burned patients. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 35:543–549

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Boucher BA, Hickerson WL, Khul DA, Bombassaro AM, Jaresko GS (1990) Imipenem pharmacokinetics in patients with burns. Clin Pharmacol Ther 48:131–137

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Yoshida T, Homma K, Azami K, Sugihara T, Ohura T (1993) Pharmacokinetics of meropenem in experimentally burned rats. J Dermatol 20:208–213

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Garrelts JC, Jost G, Kowalsky S, Krol GJ, Lettieri JT (1996) Ciprofloxacin pharmacokinetics in burn patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 40:1153–1156

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Marik PE (1993) Aminoglycoside volume of distribution and illness severity in critically ill septic patients. Anaesth Intensive Care 21:172–173

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Pinder M, Bellomo R, Lipman J (2002) Pharmacological principles of antibiotic prescription in the critically ill. Anaesth Intensive Care 30:134–144

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2006 Springer Science + Business Media Inc.

About this paper

Cite this paper

Ranasinghe, K., Cross, S.E., Venkatesh, B. (2006). Antibiotic Dosing in Burn Injury: Should We be Looking at the Tissues more Closely?. In: Vincent, JL. (eds) Intensive Care Medicine. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-35096-9_49

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-35096-9_49

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-387-30156-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-387-35096-7

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics