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Molecular phylogeny, morphology and pathogenicity of Pseudopestalotiopsis species on Ixora in Taiwan

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Abstract

Pestalotiopsis-like species are phytopathogenic, causing numerous diseases on different hosts, and are widely distributed in tropical and temperate ecosystems. These taxa were recently segregated into several genera and species having brown to dark brown or olivaceous median cells, with or without knobbed apical appendages, were classified under the new genus Pseudopestalotiopsis. Pseudopestalotiopsis species are well known for their capability to produce novel medicinal compounds that may have medicinal, agricultural and industrial applications. Ixora is among the largest genera in the family Rubiaceae and is cultivated throughout Taiwan, as a garden plant. During a survey of fungal diseases associated with Ixora species in Taiwan, several Pestalotiopsis-like species causing leaf spot were isolated. Based on morphology coupled with single- and multi-gene (ITS, TUB, TEF) phylogenies, these taxa belong to two novel species of Pseudopestalotiopsis and are introduced herein as Ps. ixorae and Ps. taiwanensis. These two new taxa fit well with Pseudopestalotiopsis in having dark concolourous median cells with knobbed apical appendages, but differ from the known species in the size of conidiomata, size of the conidia, the number of apical appendages, the length of basal appendages plus ecology and distribution. Pathogenicity testing showed that Ps. ixorae and Ps. taiwanensis are capable of causing leaf disease on Ixora and to the best of our knowledge, this is the first record of Pseudopestalotiopsis species associated with leaf spots of Ixora in Taiwan.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to the President of National Taiwan University, the Dean of College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture and the chairmen of the Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology for providing additional funding for this project. Hiran Ariyawansa is grateful to A.D Ariyawansa, D.M.K Ariyawansa, Ruwini Ariyawansa and Amila Gunasekara for their valuable suggestions.

Funding

This study was funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (MOST project ID 106-2621-B-002-005-MY2).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan

    Ichen Tsai & Hiran A. Ariyawansa

  2. Department of Crop Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 34, Al-Khod 123, Muscat, Oman

    Sajeewa S. N. Maharachchikumbura

  3. Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand

    Kevin D. Hyde

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  1. Ichen Tsai
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  2. Sajeewa S. N. Maharachchikumbura
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  3. Kevin D. Hyde
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  4. Hiran A. Ariyawansa
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Correspondence to Sajeewa S. N. Maharachchikumbura or Hiran A. Ariyawansa.

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Tsai, I., Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N., Hyde, K.D. et al. Molecular phylogeny, morphology and pathogenicity of Pseudopestalotiopsis species on Ixora in Taiwan. Mycol Progress 17, 941–952 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-018-1404-7

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