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Community structure, succession and invasibility in a seasonal deciduous forest in southern Brazil

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Abstract

Majority of invasive trees colonize grasslands, shrublands, and temperate forests. Hovenia dulcis is an exception, because it is one of the most pervasive invaders in Brazilian subtropical forests where it has changed their structure and composition. This study has aimed to identify the clues for its success by defining the structural and functional characteristics of plant communities in different stages of succession with and without H. dulcis. Following the general assumptions of invasion ecology, we expected that H. dulcis establishment and invasion success would be significantly higher in early successional communities, with high resource availability and low species richness and diversity, as well as low functional diversity. Contrary to this hypothesis, no differences were found between plant communities invaded and non-invaded by H. dulcis at three different succession stages. No relationship was found between species richness and diversity and functional diversity, with respect to invasibility along the successional gradient. Hovenia dulcis is strongly associated with semi-open vegetation, where the species was found in higher density. The invasion of open vegetation is more recent, providing evidence of the species’s ability to invade plant communities in early successional stages. We concluded that the colonization by H. dulcis was associated with forest openness, but the species is also able to colonize semi-open vegetation, and persist in the successionally more advanced communities.

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Acknowledgments

The expert help of Cassio Daltrini Neto, Tiago Barbosa and Daniel Falkenberg. Sílvia Ziller, Clare Aslan, Elaine Chow and Hugh Safford provided important suggestions and helped improve the language. Two anonymous referees whose comments and suggestions substantially improved the manuscript. Financial support came from Tractebel Energia S.A., from the Graduate Program in Ecology of the Federal University of Santa Catarina and from the Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa Científica e Tecnológica do Estado de Santa Catarina, Brazil. MS Dechoum is supported by Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Brazil. N Peroni is supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnólogico, Brazil. SM Zalba receives support of Universidad Nacional del Sur and CONICET, Argentina.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário s/n, Sala 208, Bloco C – Córrego Grande, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil

    M. S. Dechoum, T. T. Castellani & N. Peroni

  2. Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670, C.P. B8000LMI, Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    S. M. Zalba

  3. Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA

    M. Rejmánek

  4. Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil

    J. Y. Tamashiro

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  1. M. S. Dechoum
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Correspondence to M. S. Dechoum.

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Dechoum, M.S., Castellani, T.T., Zalba, S.M. et al. Community structure, succession and invasibility in a seasonal deciduous forest in southern Brazil. Biol Invasions 17, 1697–1712 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-014-0827-6

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