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Dental caries prevalence and severity positively associate with AMY1 gene copy number

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Clinical Oral Investigations Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Objective

To establish the possible relation between total caries (TC) and caries severity (CS) with the AMY1 gene copy number (AMY1GCN).

Materials and methods

This was an observational, cross-sectional, population-based, and association study with 303 participants. Each participant underwent a complete anamnesis and stomatological check-up, and peripheral blood was obtained to extract gDNA. TC and CS were determined as the number of caries at the dental exploration and the number of dental surfaces affected by caries, respectively, and AMY1GCN was determined by qPCR.

Results

We found an elevated caries prevalence (92.7%); TC and CS were 8 ± 10 and 10 ± 13 (median ± IR). There were higher TC and CS in those participants with AMY1GCN above the mean value (0.02 and 0.01 p values, respectively). A positive correlation between TC and CS with AMY1GCN (0.11 and 0.125 r values, 0.03 and 0.01 p values, respectively) was found, in addition to an association between TC and CS with AMY1GCN (1.5 and 1.6 OR values, 0.48 and 0.26 p values, respectively).

Conclusion

TC and CS were positively related to the AMY1GCN.

Clinical relevance

Dental caries has a high prevalence and a multifactorial etiology and has been related to a genetic component. Indeed, the salivary enzyme alpha-amylase could play a significant role in caries susceptibility, considering that its codifying gene (AMY1) can show variation in its gene copy number. This can be considered an important factor for the development of caries at a genetic level.

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Data availability

All data generated and analyzed during this study are included in this article. Further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.

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Funding

This study was supported by a fund granted by the Autonomous University of Queretaro to R.M-C. (grant number FOPER-2021-FME02541).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. PhD. program in Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Querétaro, Mexico

    Rubi Mauricio-Castillo

  2. Department of Biomedical Research, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Clavel 200, Col. Prados de la Capilla, 76170, Querétaro, Mexico

    Andres Valdevit, Pablo Garcia-Solis, Hebert Luis Hernandez-Montiel & Juan Carlos Solis-Sainz

  3. Department of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Neurobiology, National Autonomous University of México, UAQ-Juriquilla Campus, Querétaro, Mexico

    Laura Gonzalez-Davalos & Olivia Vazquez-Martinez

  4. Laboratory of Multidisciplinary Dentistry Research, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Querétaro, Mexico

    Rubén Abraham Dominguez-Perez

Authors
  1. Rubi Mauricio-Castillo
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Contributions

The hypotheses were proposed by R.M-C. and J.C.S-S., and A.V. made a substantial contribution to the conception of this work. R.A.D-P., P.G-S., and O.V-M. contributed importantly to the design of the study. R.M-C. and J.C.S-S. drafted the manuscript. L.G-D., R.A.D-P., P.G-S., and O.V-M. substantively revised it. R.M-C. and A.V. collected the clinical data. R.M-C. and A.V. performed the stomatological evaluations and L.G-D. the genetic analyses. R.M-C. and J.C.S-S. performed the statistical analyses. All authors approved the final version of the manuscript and agreed to be personally accountable for their own contributions and to ensure that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work, even parts in which the author was not personally involved, are appropriately investigated and resolved and the resolution documented in the literature.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Juan Carlos Solis-Sainz.

Ethics declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate

This study was performed in compliance with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments. Approval for this study was obtained from the Bioethical Committee of the School of Medicine of the Autonomous University of Queretaro (approval number 09/2019-1). Participation was voluntary and signed informed consent was obtained from all the participants in this study after they were fully informed about all the involved procedures.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

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Mauricio-Castillo, R., Valdevit, A., Gonzalez-Davalos, L. et al. Dental caries prevalence and severity positively associate with AMY1 gene copy number. Clin Oral Invest 28, 25 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-023-05435-y

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